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[目的]了解和分析“十一五”期间深圳市职业病发病情况及特征,为制定职业病防治策略、实施预防控制措施提供依据。[方法]以2006～2010年深圳市新诊断的职业病病例为研究对象,分析其职业病种类、地区、行业分布等特征。[结果]“十一五”期间深圳市共发生504例职业病,自2007年开始有逐年上升趋势。新发职业病以正己烷、苯等引起的职业性慢性中毒为主(153例,占30.36%);其次为尘肺(128例,占25.40%)、三氯乙烯药疹样皮炎(45例,占8.93%)、职业性噪声聋(36例,占7.14%)。新发职业病多分布在宝安、龙岗两个工业区,且以中小型私有企业为主,轻工业、电子行业病例数最多。[结论]正己烷、苯、三氯乙烯等有机溶剂引起的职业性慢性中毒及药疹样皮炎、尘肺、职业性噪声聋等是深圳市常见职业病,应重点开展对这些职业病危害因素种类的预防控制,尤其要加强对中小型私有企业的监管,遏制职业病逐年上升的趋势。
[Objective] To understand and analyze the incidence and characteristics of occupational diseases in Shenzhen during the 11th Five-year Plan period, and provide basis for formulating prevention and control strategies of occupational diseases and implementing prevention and control measures. [Methods] Taking the newly diagnosed cases of occupational diseases in Shenzhen from 2006 to 2010 as the research object, the characteristics of occupational disease types, regions and industries were analyzed. [Results] A total of 504 occupational diseases occurred in Shenzhen City during the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan” period. Since 2007, there has been a year-by-year upward trend. Occupational chronic poisoning caused by n-hexane and benzene was the main cause of new occupational diseases (153 cases, accounting for 30.36%), followed by pneumoconiosis (128 cases, accounting for 25.40%), trichlorethylene eruption-like dermatitis %), Occupational noise deafness (36 cases, accounting for 7.14%). The new occupational diseases are mainly distributed in two industrial zones of Baoan and Longgang, and are dominated by small and medium-sized private-owned enterprises with the largest number of light industry and electronics industries. [Conclusion] Occupational chronic poisoning caused by n-hexane, benzene, trichlorethylene and other organic solvents and drug-like dermatitis, pneumoconiosis, occupational noise and deafness are common occupational diseases in Shenzhen. Prevention and control of these occupational hazards should be emphasized In particular, it is necessary to step up the supervision of small and medium-sized private-owned enterprises to curb the year-on-year rise of occupational diseases.