颅咽管瘤是原始口腔的外胚叶残余细胞在颅咽区域增生发展而来的先天性肿瘤。1899年,Mott指示,这些残余上皮细胞在垂体形成后,沿垂体蒂分布,故在此原始胚胎途径上,均可发生颅咽管瘤。据文献统计,颅咽管瘤占颅内肿瘤的5—6％,鞍区肿瘤的30％,鞍上肿瘤的80％,先天性颅内肿瘤的70％。颅咽管瘤好发于青少年,居胶质细胞瘤和髓母细胞瘤之后,为青少年颅内肿瘤发生率的第三位。本 Craniopharyngioma is a congenital tumor from the original oral residual cell of ectoderm that has developed in the cranial and pharyngeal regions. In 1899, Mott instructed that these residual epithelial cells are distributed along the pituitary gland after the formation of the pituitary gland. Therefore, craniopharyngiomas may occur in this primitive embryo pathway. According to literature statistics, craniopharyngiomas account for 5-6% of intracranial tumors, 30% of sellar tumors, 80% of suprasellar tumors, and 70% of congenital intracranial tumors. Craniopharyngiomas occur in adolescents, glioblastoma and medulloblastoma, the incidence of adolescent intracranial tumors third. this