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通过光学显微镜、扫描电镜和透射电镜等技术,研究固溶与时效处理制度对6022汽车用铝合金微观组织及性能的影响规律。结果表明:经540℃保温0.5 h的固溶处理后,合金已发生完全再结晶,晶粒尺寸较为均匀,材料中存在部分未固溶到基体的第二相;预时效(150℃×5 min)+自然时效(72 h)处理后,其规定塑性延伸强度为129 MPa,抗拉强度为255 MPa,断后伸长率为25%,更利于成型;随后的人工时效(180℃×20 h)处理可以提高材料的强度,规定塑性延伸强度为327 MPa,抗拉强度为357 MPa,达到汽车覆盖件的使用要求。
The effects of solution treatment and aging treatment on microstructure and properties of 6022 automotive aluminum alloy were studied by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The results show that the complete recrystallization of the alloy occurs after solution treatment at 540 ℃ for 0.5 h, and the grain size is uniform. The second phase is not dissolved in the matrix. The pre-aging (150 ℃ × 5 min ) + Natural aging treatment (72 h), the provisions of the plastic extension strength of 129 MPa, tensile strength of 255 MPa, elongation at break of 25%, more conducive to forming; followed by artificial aging (180 ℃ × 20 h) Treatment can improve the strength of the material, the provisions of the plastic extension strength of 327 MPa, tensile strength of 357 MPa, to meet the requirements of automotive cover pieces.