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近年来由于积累了关于人的营养和热量需要量方面的知识,含必需营养素的营养液的完善及补给途径等方面的发展,在该领域取得了巨大的成就。静脉营养的适应症:首先是那些由于机械性或代谢性原因造成的机体较长期不能经口摄取及消化必须的食物者。在实际工作中适应症更广一些,必要时静脉营养被用于补充机体含氮物质及热量的不足。原则上有两种向细胞结构输送营养的可能性:1.自然营养(正常),2.肠道外营养(静脉,骨髓内,皮下,肌肉)。一般都着眼于自然及静脉途径。这两种方法的区别:①接受途径;②使用的形式;③供给的速度。然而自然
In recent years, tremendous achievements have been made in this field due to the accumulation of knowledge on human nutrition and caloric requirements, the improvement of nutritional solutions containing essential nutrients and the supply of supplements. Indications for IV nutrition: The first is those who, due to mechanical or metabolic causes, may not be able to ingest and digest the necessary food over a longer period of time. Indications in the actual work more broadly, if necessary, intravenous nutrition is used to supplement the body’s nitrogen-containing substances and lack of heat. There are in principle two possibilities of delivering nutrients to the cellular structure: 1. Natural nutrition (normal), 2. Parenteral nutrition (veins, intramedullary, subcutaneous, muscle). Generally focus on the natural and intravenous routes. The difference between these two methods: ① ways to accept; ② the form of use; ③ the speed of supply. But naturally