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目的调查某耐火棉生产企业的职业病危害情况。方法在2012、2014、2015年,对该企业作业场所中存在的职业病危害因素进行检测、评价,对作业工人进行职业健康检查,同时调查企业的职业卫生管理情况。结果该企业主要职业病危害因素为玻璃棉粉尘和噪声,3年玻璃棉粉尘作业点检测合格率仅为17.65%,噪声检测合格率为71.42%。与对照组比较,观察组胸片与肺功能异常检出率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或0.01)。结论此类企业应完善作业场所的卫生防护设施,为工人配备有效的个体防护用品(防尘口罩),并加强对作业工人的健康教育,以预防和控制职业病的发生。
Objective To investigate the occupational disease hazard of a refractory cotton producer. Methods In 2012, 2014 and 2015, the occupational hazards in the workplace of the enterprise were detected and evaluated, occupational health examination was carried out for workers in the workplace and the occupational health management of the enterprises was investigated. Results The main risk factors of occupational diseases were glass wool dust and noise. The pass rate of 3-year glass wool dust test was only 17.65%, and the passing rate of noise test was 71.42%. Compared with the control group, there was significant difference between the observation group and the lung function abnormality detection rate (P <0.05 or 0.01). Conclusion Such enterprises should improve the sanitary protection facilities at workplaces, equip workers with effective personal protective equipment (dust masks), and strengthen the health education of workers so as to prevent and control occupational diseases.