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利用１９５０—１９８７年２°×２°格点综合海－气资料（ＣＯＡＤＳ），计算了赤道太平洋洋面（５°Ｓ—３°Ｎ）上逐月平均海温、气压、纬向风、比湿、云以及热量收支各分量的平均值和距平值，分析这些量的演变特征，得出：ＥｌＮｉｎｏ过程中，赤道太平洋洋面上气压梯度减小，东风减弱；赤道中、东太平洋洋面上空气中水汽和云量增加，洋面射入太阳辐射和有效长波辐射减少，感热和潜热交换加强，洋面净获得（损失）热量减少（增加）；ＬａＮｉｎａ过程中，情形相反。最后概括了ＥｌＮｉｎｏ－ＬａＮｉｎａ循环的两种海－气耦合反馈机制。
Based on COADS data from 2 ° × 2 ° grids from 1950 to 1987, monthly mean SST, barometric pressure and zonal wind over the equatorial Pacific ocean surface (5 ° S-3 ° N) were calculated The results show that the pressure gradient in the equatorial Pacific decreases and the easterly wind weakens in the El Nino process. The distribution of the east and middle Pacific Ocean Surface air vapor and cloudiness increased, the surface into the solar radiation and effective long-wave radiation to reduce the sensible and latent heat exchange to enhance the ocean net gain (loss) heat reduction (increase); LaNina process, the opposite. Finally, two kinds of sea-atmosphere coupling feedback mechanisms of ElNino-LaNina cycle are summarized.