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并非只需向研究—开发投资就足以提高创新性和竞争力:天才既不能担保人类的富裕,也不能确保国家的富强。让-雅克·萨洛蒙在本文中强调指出,研究—开发投资的差别本身并不是造成公司之间和国家之间差别的唯一理由;科研经费增长的事实本身并不完全决定生产力的提高。通过大量事例,作者明确指出,经济富裕不仅仅取决于科学研究,而主要是取决于广泛依赖于社会—组织因素的技术系统的控制与管理。技术创新政策必须以研究—工业和银行之间的良好协调,以及专业教育和技术文化的适应水平为前提。本文主要对各国研究开发政策及其绩效进行了权威性的分析和比较。
Rather than just investing in research-development, it is enough to be more innovative and competitive: geniuses can neither guarantee the wealth of humankind nor ensure the prosperity of the country. Jean-Jacques Salomon emphasized in this article that the difference between research and development investment is not the only reason for the differences between companies and countries; the fact that research funding increases does not in itself determine the improvement of productivity. Through numerous examples, the author made it clear that economic prosperity depends not only on scientific research but mainly on the control and management of technological systems that are widely dependent on social-organizational factors. Technological innovation policies must be premised on research - good coordination between industry and banks, and the level of adaptation of professional education and technical culture. This article mainly analyzes and compares the research and development policies and their performance in different countries.