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一引言语言是人类独有的行为,这主要得益于人类数百万年的演化和人类具有的在动物界中最为发达的大脑。从共时角度看,语言和大脑被公认为是世界上最复杂的两个事物,而从历时角度看,缺乏足够、直接的化石证据更让语言和大脑的演化显得扑朔迷离。要揭开语言之谜,必须进行跨学科的语言学研究,在理论研究方法、材料分析方法及实验设计上参考借鉴除语言学外的一系列相关学科,如人类学、生物学、心理学、神经科学、基因科学等的知识、手段和发现。
I. INTRODUCTION LANGUAGE is a human-specific behavior, mainly due to millions of years of human evolution and the most developed human brain in the animal kingdom. From a synchronic perspective, language and the brain are universally recognized as the two most complex things in the world. From a diachronic perspective, the lack of sufficient and direct evidence of fossils makes the evolution of language and the brain appear complicated and confusing. To uncover the mystery of language, we must conduct interdisciplinary linguistic research, reference to a series of related disciplines other than linguistics, such as anthropology, biology, psychology, nerves in the theoretical research methods, material analysis methods and experimental design Science, Gene Science, etc. Knowledge, Means and Discovery.