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乙酰唑胺(Diamox),又称醋唑磺胺或醋氮酰胺,是一种碳酸酐酶抑制剂,弱利尿剂,现眼科择其降低眼压的作用,用于治疗各种类型的青光眼。该药降眼压疗效确切,但也易发生一些不良反应,如四肢麻木刺痛感、恶心、食欲不振、困倦、多尿等。长期用药可加重低钾血症、酸中毒的症状。文献及专著中极少提及其引起严重肾损害的作用。本文将我院观察到的及文献中的乙酰唑胺引起肾功能衰竭的10个病例,予以总结分析,并就其发生机制进行讨论,以吸取经验教训。
Diamox, also known as acetazolamide or acetazolamide, is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor and weak diuretic that is currently ophthalmically chosen to reduce its intraocular pressure for the treatment of various types of glaucoma. The antihypertensive effect of the drug is effective, but also prone to some adverse reactions, such as limb numbness tingling, nausea, loss of appetite, drowsiness, polyuria and so on. Long-term medication can aggravate hypokalemia, symptoms of acidosis. In literature and monographs rarely mentioned the role of causing serious renal damage. This article will be observed in our hospital and the literature of acetazolamide caused renal failure in 10 cases were summarized and analyzed on its mechanism for discussion in order to learn from experience and lessons.