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本文着眼于社会保险和强制性商业责任保险这两种代表性的保险形态,尝试总结它们采取强制参保方式的基本逻辑,从比较的视角探讨了巨灾保险是否应该采取强制参保的方式。在此基础上,本文进一步梳理了国际上代表性巨灾保险制度的参保方式,考察了部分国家采取强制参保方式的原因,并总结了各国选择巨灾保险参保方式的基本经验。本文发现,巨灾保险并不完全具备实施强制参保方式的基础,一国对巨灾保险参保方式的最终选择取决于该国的决策部门对巨灾保险制度的战略定位。最后,本文为我国巨灾保险参保方式的设计提出了若干建议。
This paper focuses on two representative forms of insurance such as social insurance and compulsory commercial liability insurance, tries to summarize their basic logic of compulsory insurance, and explores whether catastrophe insurance should be compulsory or not from a comparative perspective. On this basis, the paper further sorts out the insurance methods of representative catastrophe insurance system in the world, examines the reasons why some countries take compulsory insurance, and summarizes the basic experiences of countries choosing catastrophe insurance. This paper finds that catastrophe insurance does not fully have the basis for the implementation of compulsory insurance. The ultimate choice of a country for the insurance of catastrophe insurance depends on the strategic positioning of the country’s decision-making department for catastrophe insurance. Finally, this paper put forward some suggestions for the design of catastrophe insurance in our country.