0　引言　 p16是 1994- 0 4由美国报道的一种新型抑癌基因 [1 ,2 ] ,定位于 9q2 1,其编码的蛋白质产物为周期蛋白依赖激酶 (CDK4和 CDK6 )抑制因子 .研究表明 ,p16基因缺失及突变在人恶性肿瘤中普遍存在 ,其重要性不亚于 Rb与 p5 3,甚至比其更重要 [3 ] .但有关 p16在胆道肿瘤 0 Introduction p16 is a novel tumor suppressor gene reported by the United States from 1994 to 2004 [1, 2], which is located in 9q2 1. Its encoded protein products are cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK4 and CDK6) inhibitors. Studies have shown that Deletion and mutation of p16 gene are ubiquitous in human malignancies and their importance is no less important than that of Rb and p53, and even more important than that [3]. However, p16 is involved in biliary tumors.