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曾经有位会员Amy第一次私照考试失败后发出求助帖，当时我刚考完自己的私照，便回复了她的帖子，以期为她提供一些考试的小经验。帖子发出后10分钟，99s主席苏珊·拉森女士（Susan Larson）给我发了个私人邮件：“劳拉，你今天发的帖子真棒，我读后恨不得再去重考一次飞行考试！”希望此文能为正在学习或者将要学习的朋友提供一点帮助。
而更让我高兴地是，后来，Amy给我发来了感谢信，原来她顺利通过了第二次私照考试。
Note：This article was originallywritten to a Ninety-Nines International Female Pilot Association (99s) member Amy, who failed her very first Private Pilot check ride. She asked for help, and I， having received so much support from 99s sisters, felt obliged and honored to give her my insight into the check ride. Ten minutes after I posted this, Susan Larson, the President of 99s sent a private message to me, saying that “it makes me want to run out and take another check ride.” I hope this can be of assistance to anyone who’s in the process of acquiring their private license. Good luck to all! (Amy passed her second check ride and wrote a thank you email to me.)
我是在2010年4月23日通过了私照考试的。2008年刚到美国时，我这个住惯了大城市、连方向都搞不清楚的家伙，一个人都不太敢开车。考前我特别担心，业余训练了4个月，不知道是否能通过考试。虽然教练认为我的飞行知识、做判断和决定的能力通过考试绰绰有余，可我自己信心并不充足，加上我的这位考官一般只考核美国本地飞行员，英语不是我的母语，尤其担心他的措辞跟口音可能会给本来就紧张的我带来理解的困难、造成心理上更大的压力。不过，我还是决定相信飞行教练的判断，大胆去尝试一下，大不了重考一次，我这样跟自己说。
飞行以外的考试—把最有条理的你呈现给考官
无论在地面口试还是在空中飞行，考官总是乐意看到你是个很有条理的人。考前，请你一定把个人资料证件、飞行时间记录本还有FAA相关的表格准备妥当并有逻辑的整理好。这样做，既可以体现你的认真也可以帮助考官在口试开始前迅速完成这些行政性的事务，而不需要到处翻找缺失的信息，甚至不得不使考试改期进行。
当考官在地面口试时问到一个你并不了解或者不太能确定的知识点，参考资料便成了你的护驾神。不要怕告诉考官你无法确定，但你知道在哪里可以找到这个答案。考官可以籍此了解你的谨慎学习态度以及信息获得能力—这点对飞行员尤为重要，错误或者不确定的信息可能造成安全隐患，考官会不放心。而一个知道什么时候该借助工具书和参考资料的飞行员，考官知道他可以相信你的判断。
不要忽略初印象—将你的地面口试成为精彩片断
地面口试一般都是在飞行操作考试之前，因此这个部分的表现是塑造你在考官心中印象的关键时期。如果你能准确无误回答出他所有的问题（答错一个也一样棒，不要过多纠缠），在给予自己这个大大鼓舞的同时，考官也会对你通过飞行操作考试充满信心。我口试时答出每个问题并努力给出进一步地解释，考官非常满意，以至于他还特地去拜访和恭喜我的教官，夸奖他的教学成功。如果你喜欢你的飞行教官，那就努力一下，给他一个为你也为他自己骄傲的机会吧。
做个贴心的飞行员—使你的考官成为最开心放心的乘客
在飞行操作考试的时候，试试看把考官想象成你80岁高龄的“奶奶”。她非常爱你，尽管她对飞行感到很紧张，但还是鼓起勇气当你的第一位乘客。因此，你一定要用自己最平静的语气通过耳脉告诉她，你正在想什么、为什么，接下来打算做什么，让“奶奶”知道你对一切状况都了解，也正在做出合适的判断，保证你和她的安全。
当你做正常爬升的时候，达到Vy速度（最佳爬升率速度）后，放低机头配平到Vy+5 或者Vy+10的速度。请在加速前跟考官解释你这样做的目的是为了获得更好的视野，有利于扫描飞机附近的交通状况。这个操作在私人实际飞行中很常见，而考官也会乐得接受你这多往前考虑的一份用心和给他带来的舒适感觉。
在做转向时，除非是规定要大坡度，尽可能使用标准转弯速率（每秒改变3度航向）。这样做最大的好处是避免因缺少目视信息、或者由于加速度混淆了感官而造成空间定向障碍尤其是夜间飞行时。除了舒适，做标准转弯速率时，你对飞机精确的操控也会给考官留下良好印象。
降落时，符合最佳下降路径的下降控制以及轻轻飘到跑道上的完美着陆总是可以赢得考官地赞美。我做了3个降落，前两个符合这个标准，即使第3个因为换了一个机场下降路径并不最好，考官也坚决认为我的着陆非常好。
智者能改—修正、修正再修正
每个飞行动作都一次到位、完美无缺固然很好，但考官最想知道的，却是你可以在不完美发生之后是否懂得根据实际状况去进行修正。你提到你上一次考试时，考官让你去了一个不熟悉的机场，那里的跑道比常用的跑道要窄很多，你的视觉没有适应过来，过早进行了拉平。这个问题似乎很常见，在我的考试过程中也发生了。当我发现自己的速度在不停下降而飞机位置还过高，无法安全着陆时，赶紧加入了些油门控制下降率。当我最后将飞机落在跑道上时，考官说：“劳拉，你做得非常好。我很高兴看到你知道如何修正，这比你前面做的完美降落都要重用。”
请允许我传授你一个秘诀：每次做修正时，大声说出你打算如何纠正发生的状况，同时一定右手控制在油门上，不要让考官因为不放心而抢过飞机控制权。因为我的教练非常谨慎，为了让他放心，我每次都这么做，养成了习惯。据说有些考生不注意这一点，考官并不清楚他对实际情况的分析和行动决定，当他觉得不安全时，就会拿过控制权，而当这发生也就意味着考试的失败。
态度决定一切—私照是允许你开始飞行学习的一张证而已
考官非常希望看到的你，是一个清楚知道自己在飞行学习中的位置的你。你正确的学习态度，不断地学习和提高自己的飞行能力，是确保你成为一个安全的飞行员而不是写入报纸中的一个悲剧的根本。如果你确实是这样想的，那么不用害羞，把这个想法告诉他，因为他真的真的很想知道。
考前放松自己
考前的一周是比较难熬的，因为我们总想着不要失败。其实，飞行考试没有失败可言。我们是为了自己的兴趣而接受这个挑战，每一个飞行时刻，都是我们享受人生的过程，考试同样也是这个过程中的一部分。考前一周，我一个人拉了飞机出去做了两次练习，第一次非常顺利，每个降落都很圆满，所有操作都在私照考试标准范围里。而第二次一开始几乎没有一次着陆做得令我满意，郁闷焦躁的我问自己，“劳拉，你做飞行要的是什么？”“快乐啊！”说出这句话，我一下子清醒过来，心情大好。再做一次降落，我享受着飞行的快乐，做了一个完美的飘落，然后赶紧收工回家。如果你飞行考试准备时，跟我一样发生了突然的技能劣变，请不要着急，深呼吸，这样的螺旋式发展在飞行学习中非常正常。
还有些考生会在考前过度紧张而失眠，从而影响他们考试的表现。不要去担心考试，泡个泡泡浴，看部开心的喜剧片，正常时间上床休息。
I passed my PPL check ride very recently on April 23, 2010. I am a Chinese city girl who always had trouble telling directions and didn’t even know how to drive until coming to the States 2 years ago. So I was very nervous before the exam, wondering if the flight training in the last four months was sufficient for the exam, and if I would misunderstand instructions in English due to high stress or difficulty with accent. As you know, most examiners in the US do not meet foreign examinees that often. Anyway, I decided to trust my instructor’s judgment and give it a try. The worst scenario was to retake it. No big deal!
A few things that my instructor mentioned before the exam and King’s video I watched greatly helped me to pass the check ride smoothly. You may already know them. I hope they may offer some help and comfort to you and other Future Women Pilots.
Complete and well-organized paper work and comprehensive reference material
Examiners are really happy to see you are very well organized on the ground as well as in the cockpit. Organized paper work and providing all necessary identifications help them glide through these administrative tasks quickly and avoid any possibility of delay or even cancel your exam.
When asked questions of an unfamiliar area, the reference material will save your day if you know how to find the answers. Do not hesitate to tell the examiner that you don’t know the exact answer and show him how to find it. He wants to know that you are careful and capable of retrieving the correct information. This is so important to pilot, as any misinformation may jeopardizing the lives of both people in the air and on the ground. A pilot that knows to when to say “I don’t know” and refer to books assures him that this won’t happen.
Good oral examination performance matters
Examiners are very impressed when you don’t miss one single question during the oral exam, or maybe one (Please don’t beat yourself up if you did miss any. Move on and continue your exam) . It’s an indication of your excellent preparation for the exam.(I followed this advice and my examiner was so satisfied that later he congratulated my instructor on doing a wonderful job.)
Be a considerate pilot and make your passenger comfortable
Just imagine your examiner is your 80-year-old grandma who is really anxious about flying. She was willing to go on this flying trip and be your first passenger, so that you will continue loving her ( I am Just kidding). Talk out loud in a calm tone about what you are thinking and doing so she knows that you are fully aware of the situation and you are making sound judgments. Grandma will be happy and feeling safe, so is your examiner.
Do your normal climb at Vy+5 to Vy+10. This is to give you and your examiner both to have a better view for traffic scan. Examiners seem to like this extra comfort, even though they have quite a wide range of tolerance.
Make all your turns standard rate turnsunless it’s necessary to turn very steeply. It is not only good for night flying to avoid spatial disorientation but also good for the impression your examiner gets about your fineness in operating the plane.
On-the-glide-slope descending and greased landings always win examiners’ heart. (I did two beautiful ones and even though the last one was a little funny, my examiner was still happy.)
Correction, correction, correction
Perfect maneuver each time definitely is great. But examiners love to see that you can correct for the situation. Just like you, I was using an unfamiliar skinny runway and flared a little too early. I added a little more power right after realizing my speed was bleeding off too much while I was still high. When I eased the plane to the runway, my examiner said, “That’s very good. I am glad to see you know how to make the corrections.
Secret: Speak out your mind about how to correct the situation and keep your right hand on the throttle so it’s hard for your examiner to take it over. The moment he takes it over, you probably have failed your exam unless he tells you that he just needs to take it over for certain reasons that won’t affect your exam result.
Attitude – Licensed to learn
Examiners love to see that you hold a learning attitude and will continue to improve your skills to be a safer pilot. If you don’t want to be in the news and be a number in the history, never stop learning. If you truly believe this, then let him know that you are very humble and aware of that pilot license is only the license to learn. He truly enjoys hearing it.
Good rest before the exam
Don’t worry too much the night before your exam. Do not think about the exam or losing sleep. Take a bubble bath, watch a comedy movie if you like, and go to bed at a decent hour.
而更让我高兴地是，后来，Amy给我发来了感谢信，原来她顺利通过了第二次私照考试。
Note：This article was originallywritten to a Ninety-Nines International Female Pilot Association (99s) member Amy, who failed her very first Private Pilot check ride. She asked for help, and I， having received so much support from 99s sisters, felt obliged and honored to give her my insight into the check ride. Ten minutes after I posted this, Susan Larson, the President of 99s sent a private message to me, saying that “it makes me want to run out and take another check ride.” I hope this can be of assistance to anyone who’s in the process of acquiring their private license. Good luck to all! (Amy passed her second check ride and wrote a thank you email to me.)
我是在2010年4月23日通过了私照考试的。2008年刚到美国时，我这个住惯了大城市、连方向都搞不清楚的家伙，一个人都不太敢开车。考前我特别担心，业余训练了4个月，不知道是否能通过考试。虽然教练认为我的飞行知识、做判断和决定的能力通过考试绰绰有余，可我自己信心并不充足，加上我的这位考官一般只考核美国本地飞行员，英语不是我的母语，尤其担心他的措辞跟口音可能会给本来就紧张的我带来理解的困难、造成心理上更大的压力。不过，我还是决定相信飞行教练的判断，大胆去尝试一下，大不了重考一次，我这样跟自己说。
飞行以外的考试—把最有条理的你呈现给考官
无论在地面口试还是在空中飞行，考官总是乐意看到你是个很有条理的人。考前，请你一定把个人资料证件、飞行时间记录本还有FAA相关的表格准备妥当并有逻辑的整理好。这样做，既可以体现你的认真也可以帮助考官在口试开始前迅速完成这些行政性的事务，而不需要到处翻找缺失的信息，甚至不得不使考试改期进行。
当考官在地面口试时问到一个你并不了解或者不太能确定的知识点，参考资料便成了你的护驾神。不要怕告诉考官你无法确定，但你知道在哪里可以找到这个答案。考官可以籍此了解你的谨慎学习态度以及信息获得能力—这点对飞行员尤为重要，错误或者不确定的信息可能造成安全隐患，考官会不放心。而一个知道什么时候该借助工具书和参考资料的飞行员，考官知道他可以相信你的判断。
不要忽略初印象—将你的地面口试成为精彩片断
地面口试一般都是在飞行操作考试之前，因此这个部分的表现是塑造你在考官心中印象的关键时期。如果你能准确无误回答出他所有的问题（答错一个也一样棒，不要过多纠缠），在给予自己这个大大鼓舞的同时，考官也会对你通过飞行操作考试充满信心。我口试时答出每个问题并努力给出进一步地解释，考官非常满意，以至于他还特地去拜访和恭喜我的教官，夸奖他的教学成功。如果你喜欢你的飞行教官，那就努力一下，给他一个为你也为他自己骄傲的机会吧。
做个贴心的飞行员—使你的考官成为最开心放心的乘客
在飞行操作考试的时候，试试看把考官想象成你80岁高龄的“奶奶”。她非常爱你，尽管她对飞行感到很紧张，但还是鼓起勇气当你的第一位乘客。因此，你一定要用自己最平静的语气通过耳脉告诉她，你正在想什么、为什么，接下来打算做什么，让“奶奶”知道你对一切状况都了解，也正在做出合适的判断，保证你和她的安全。
当你做正常爬升的时候，达到Vy速度（最佳爬升率速度）后，放低机头配平到Vy+5 或者Vy+10的速度。请在加速前跟考官解释你这样做的目的是为了获得更好的视野，有利于扫描飞机附近的交通状况。这个操作在私人实际飞行中很常见，而考官也会乐得接受你这多往前考虑的一份用心和给他带来的舒适感觉。
在做转向时，除非是规定要大坡度，尽可能使用标准转弯速率（每秒改变3度航向）。这样做最大的好处是避免因缺少目视信息、或者由于加速度混淆了感官而造成空间定向障碍尤其是夜间飞行时。除了舒适，做标准转弯速率时，你对飞机精确的操控也会给考官留下良好印象。
降落时，符合最佳下降路径的下降控制以及轻轻飘到跑道上的完美着陆总是可以赢得考官地赞美。我做了3个降落，前两个符合这个标准，即使第3个因为换了一个机场下降路径并不最好，考官也坚决认为我的着陆非常好。
智者能改—修正、修正再修正
每个飞行动作都一次到位、完美无缺固然很好，但考官最想知道的，却是你可以在不完美发生之后是否懂得根据实际状况去进行修正。你提到你上一次考试时，考官让你去了一个不熟悉的机场，那里的跑道比常用的跑道要窄很多，你的视觉没有适应过来，过早进行了拉平。这个问题似乎很常见，在我的考试过程中也发生了。当我发现自己的速度在不停下降而飞机位置还过高，无法安全着陆时，赶紧加入了些油门控制下降率。当我最后将飞机落在跑道上时，考官说：“劳拉，你做得非常好。我很高兴看到你知道如何修正，这比你前面做的完美降落都要重用。”
请允许我传授你一个秘诀：每次做修正时，大声说出你打算如何纠正发生的状况，同时一定右手控制在油门上，不要让考官因为不放心而抢过飞机控制权。因为我的教练非常谨慎，为了让他放心，我每次都这么做，养成了习惯。据说有些考生不注意这一点，考官并不清楚他对实际情况的分析和行动决定，当他觉得不安全时，就会拿过控制权，而当这发生也就意味着考试的失败。
态度决定一切—私照是允许你开始飞行学习的一张证而已
考官非常希望看到的你，是一个清楚知道自己在飞行学习中的位置的你。你正确的学习态度，不断地学习和提高自己的飞行能力，是确保你成为一个安全的飞行员而不是写入报纸中的一个悲剧的根本。如果你确实是这样想的，那么不用害羞，把这个想法告诉他，因为他真的真的很想知道。
考前放松自己
考前的一周是比较难熬的，因为我们总想着不要失败。其实，飞行考试没有失败可言。我们是为了自己的兴趣而接受这个挑战，每一个飞行时刻，都是我们享受人生的过程，考试同样也是这个过程中的一部分。考前一周，我一个人拉了飞机出去做了两次练习，第一次非常顺利，每个降落都很圆满，所有操作都在私照考试标准范围里。而第二次一开始几乎没有一次着陆做得令我满意，郁闷焦躁的我问自己，“劳拉，你做飞行要的是什么？”“快乐啊！”说出这句话，我一下子清醒过来，心情大好。再做一次降落，我享受着飞行的快乐，做了一个完美的飘落，然后赶紧收工回家。如果你飞行考试准备时，跟我一样发生了突然的技能劣变，请不要着急，深呼吸，这样的螺旋式发展在飞行学习中非常正常。
还有些考生会在考前过度紧张而失眠，从而影响他们考试的表现。不要去担心考试，泡个泡泡浴，看部开心的喜剧片，正常时间上床休息。
I passed my PPL check ride very recently on April 23, 2010. I am a Chinese city girl who always had trouble telling directions and didn’t even know how to drive until coming to the States 2 years ago. So I was very nervous before the exam, wondering if the flight training in the last four months was sufficient for the exam, and if I would misunderstand instructions in English due to high stress or difficulty with accent. As you know, most examiners in the US do not meet foreign examinees that often. Anyway, I decided to trust my instructor’s judgment and give it a try. The worst scenario was to retake it. No big deal!
A few things that my instructor mentioned before the exam and King’s video I watched greatly helped me to pass the check ride smoothly. You may already know them. I hope they may offer some help and comfort to you and other Future Women Pilots.
Complete and well-organized paper work and comprehensive reference material
Examiners are really happy to see you are very well organized on the ground as well as in the cockpit. Organized paper work and providing all necessary identifications help them glide through these administrative tasks quickly and avoid any possibility of delay or even cancel your exam.
When asked questions of an unfamiliar area, the reference material will save your day if you know how to find the answers. Do not hesitate to tell the examiner that you don’t know the exact answer and show him how to find it. He wants to know that you are careful and capable of retrieving the correct information. This is so important to pilot, as any misinformation may jeopardizing the lives of both people in the air and on the ground. A pilot that knows to when to say “I don’t know” and refer to books assures him that this won’t happen.
Good oral examination performance matters
Examiners are very impressed when you don’t miss one single question during the oral exam, or maybe one (Please don’t beat yourself up if you did miss any. Move on and continue your exam) . It’s an indication of your excellent preparation for the exam.(I followed this advice and my examiner was so satisfied that later he congratulated my instructor on doing a wonderful job.)
Be a considerate pilot and make your passenger comfortable
Just imagine your examiner is your 80-year-old grandma who is really anxious about flying. She was willing to go on this flying trip and be your first passenger, so that you will continue loving her ( I am Just kidding). Talk out loud in a calm tone about what you are thinking and doing so she knows that you are fully aware of the situation and you are making sound judgments. Grandma will be happy and feeling safe, so is your examiner.
Do your normal climb at Vy+5 to Vy+10. This is to give you and your examiner both to have a better view for traffic scan. Examiners seem to like this extra comfort, even though they have quite a wide range of tolerance.
Make all your turns standard rate turnsunless it’s necessary to turn very steeply. It is not only good for night flying to avoid spatial disorientation but also good for the impression your examiner gets about your fineness in operating the plane.
On-the-glide-slope descending and greased landings always win examiners’ heart. (I did two beautiful ones and even though the last one was a little funny, my examiner was still happy.)
Correction, correction, correction
Perfect maneuver each time definitely is great. But examiners love to see that you can correct for the situation. Just like you, I was using an unfamiliar skinny runway and flared a little too early. I added a little more power right after realizing my speed was bleeding off too much while I was still high. When I eased the plane to the runway, my examiner said, “That’s very good. I am glad to see you know how to make the corrections.
Secret: Speak out your mind about how to correct the situation and keep your right hand on the throttle so it’s hard for your examiner to take it over. The moment he takes it over, you probably have failed your exam unless he tells you that he just needs to take it over for certain reasons that won’t affect your exam result.
Attitude – Licensed to learn
Examiners love to see that you hold a learning attitude and will continue to improve your skills to be a safer pilot. If you don’t want to be in the news and be a number in the history, never stop learning. If you truly believe this, then let him know that you are very humble and aware of that pilot license is only the license to learn. He truly enjoys hearing it.
Good rest before the exam
Don’t worry too much the night before your exam. Do not think about the exam or losing sleep. Take a bubble bath, watch a comedy movie if you like, and go to bed at a decent hour.