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一、眼库的历史沿革角膜移植的发展与眼库技术的革新密不可分。在眼库建立以前,角膜移植材料完全依靠摘除的新鲜眼球。眼球一经摘除,就必须马上用于移植手术。当时的材料来源于活体。Filatov是开创眼库事业的鼻祖,他在1935年开始应用尸体眼球作角膜移植,并将眼球摘除后在冰箱冷藏,然后用于移植,创立了最原始的眼库技术。在西方,Castroviejo第一个应用尸体眼球作供体材料。其后Paton建立了第一个眼库。然而当时的所谓眼库,机构和设备极其简单:一位秘书、一台电话和一台冰箱。眼球被摘除后全眼球在冰箱储存,然后提供给眼外科医生。眼球质量的检查和是否能用于手术,全由接受眼球的外科医生决定。因此有关角膜材料质量鉴定极不完善,从摘除眼球到被移植的时间也是短暂的。这种以湿房
First, the history of the Eye Bank The development of corneal transplantation and eye bank technology innovation are inseparable. Before the establishment of the Eye Bank, corneal graft material relies entirely on the removal of fresh eyeballs. Once the eye has been removed, it must be used immediately for transplant surgery. At the time of the material comes from the living body. Filatov was the founder of the Eye Bank, where he began applying corpse eyeballs for corneal transplants in 1935, refrigerating the eyeballs after removing the eyeballs, and then transplanting them to create the most primitive eye-bank technology. In the West, Castroviejo first applied cadaver eyeballs as donor materials. Paton then established the first eye bank. However, the so-called eye bank, institutions and equipment at the time were extremely simple: a secretary, a telephone and a refrigerator. After the eye is removed, the whole eye is stored in the refrigerator and then provided to the eye surgeon. The quality of eye examination and whether it can be used for surgery, all by the eye surgeon decided. Therefore, the quality of corneal material is not perfect, from the removal of the eye to be transplanted time is short. This kind of wet room