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高性能和功能性改性一直是高分子材料的一个重点发展方向.基于我们的研究工作,概述了一些新型纳米颗粒(如硅酸盐纳米短纤维、石墨纳米片层、纳米氢氢化镁)增强的橡胶复合材料,特别是复合方法(以获得良好的分散与界面)、结构-性能关系,以深刻理解橡胶材料的纳米增强;另一方面报告了有关介电性弹性体和抗菌性弹性体超细纤维的制备与功能特性研究的新进展.“,”High performance and functionality modification is always one of the issues in polymeric materials field.Based on our researches,this paper reviews some new nanoparticles ( such as silicate short nanofibers,graphite nanosheets and Mg( OH)2 nano-particles) reinforced rubber nanocomposites involving compounding methods to get good dispersion and interface,as well as structure-property relations,which help to understand the nano-reinforcement of rubbers.Meanwhile,the preparation and functionality of dielectric elastomers and anti-bacteria ultrafine elastomeric fibers are also reported.