采用文献综述的方法 ,从选择性注意的信息选取、信息加工 ,以及它对运动绩效的影响等方面 ,探析了国外有关这方面的理论与研究现状。结果表明 ,在体育运动中 ,对相关 (或重要 )信息的选择性注意 ,是提高运动绩效的重要前提 ,也是专业运动员经常采取的注意策略。它要求运动员具有预测信息、识别复杂信息、提取重要信息、合理分配注意和抗干扰因素等能力。 Using the method of literature review, this article explores the current situation of theory and research in this field from the aspects of selective information selection, information processing and its impact on sports performance. The results show that selective attention to relevant (or important) information in sports is an important precondition to improve sports performance and is also a regular attention strategy of professional athletes. It requires that athletes have the ability to predict information, identify complex information, extract important information, and allocate attention and anti-interference factors.