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本文介绍了马铃薯施用磷肥的技术,其研究结果如下: 1.相关性和校验研究表明,Olsen—P是反映土壤供磷力的理想指标。其供磷力低、中、高、极高的临界点(ppm)分别在2、5、12、40。与小麦的肥力指标并不相同。 2.马铃薯磷肥利用率与土壤速效磷含量呈负相关。其回归方程为(?)=24.7-5.691nx,r=-0.567(n=20)。因土施磷是提高磷肥利用率的决定性措施,经过基础研究,提出了一个估产测土确定磷肥用量的便查表。 3.磷作基肥(种肥)优于追肥。其利用率提高10％,产量提高13～17％,每亩纯收益增长17元。 4.施肥部位以全层集中穴施(或条施)效果最优,全面撒施效果最差,利用率相差7％,每亩纯收益相差26.9元。 5.氨磷配合,腐磷混施分别可提高利用率8％、3％。氮磷配合的相互作用因土壤而异。低肥力土壤有每亩93公斤的正连应效果,中肥力土壤无连应,高肥力土壤出现负连应。腐磷混施有每亩40～45公斤的正连应效果。
In this paper, the technology of applying phosphate fertilizer to potatoes was introduced. The results are as follows: 1. Correlation and validation studies show that Olsen-P is an ideal indicator of soil phosphorus availability. Its low, medium, high, high critical point (ppm) were 2,5,12,40. And wheat fertility indicators are not the same. Potato phosphorus utilization rate and soil available phosphorus content was negatively correlated. The regression equation was (?) = 24.7-5.691nx, r = -0.567 (n = 20). Due to the soil phosphorus is a decisive measure to improve the utilization of phosphate fertilizer, after basic research, put forward an estimate of soil testing to determine the amount of phosphate fertilizer will check list. 3. Phosphate basal fertilizer (kind of fertilizer) is better than dressing. Its utilization rate increased by 10%, output increased by 13 ~ 17%, net profit per acre 17 yuan. Fertilization site to full-thickness concentration of points (or strip) the best, full spreading the worst, utilization rate difference of 7%, net profit per acre difference of 26.9 yuan. 5. Ammonia Phosphorus, Phosphorus mixed use, respectively, can improve the utilization rate of 8%, 3%. The interaction between nitrogen and phosphorus varies from soil to soil. Low-fertility soils have a positive effect of 93 kg per acre. The medium-fertile soils have no contingency and the high-fertility soils have a negative contingency. Phosphorus mixed with 40 to 45 kg per acre positive effect.