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目的调查和了解云南省临沧市居民区蚊类区系分布、物种多样性及其相互关系。方法以临沧市耿马、沧源、镇康、永德、云县5个县中13个乡(镇)(海拔563～2038m)的居民区为调查点,采用灯诱法对夜间活动的成蚊进行通宵调查取样,对所捕蚊进行分类、计数和统计分析。结果共捕获蚊类29621只,隶属2亚科6属49种,其中库蚊属15种,按蚊属17种,伊蚊属10种,阿蚊属4种,曼蚊属2种,轲蚊属1种。所获蚊类中,三带喙库蚊(占69.17%)和中华按蚊(占19.47%)不仅为数量上的优势种,且分布最广;其余47种蚊虫数量(合计占11.36%)相对较少和分布相对较窄。统计结果显示,以云县物种多样性指数(2.2808)和均匀度指数(0.7000)最高,而优势种三带喙库蚊数量构成比(29.47%)最低和蚊类密度〔287.10只(/灯·晚)〕较低;与此相反,耿马县蚊类的物种多样性(0.4096)和均匀度指数(0.1229)最低,而三带喙库蚊数量构成比(91.53%)和蚊类密度〔1435.70只(/灯·晚)〕为最高。该结果显示,蚊类物种多样性及均匀度与蚊类密度和优势种多度呈负相关关系,而蚊类密度与优势种多度呈明显正相关关系。结论三带喙库蚊和中华按蚊为当地居民区的优势蚊种,它们不仅数量多且分布广泛。三带喙库蚊的多度主导了当地蚊类密度和物种多样性的变化趋势。
Objective To investigate and understand the mosquito fauna distribution, species diversity and their interrelation among residential areas in Lincang, Yunnan Province. Methods The residential areas of 13 townships (563 ~ 2038m above sea level) in Gengma, Cangyuan, Cangyuan, Yongde and Yunxian counties of Lincang were investigated. Adult mosquitoes were surveyed overnight, the mosquito was classified, counted and statistical analysis. Results A total of 29621 mosquitoes were captured, belonging to 49 genera and 6 genera in 2 subfamilies, including 15 species of Culex, 17 species of Anopheles, 10 species of Aedes, 4 species of A mosquito, 2 species of Manchus, Is a species. Among the mosquitoes obtained, Culex tritaeniorhynchus (69.17%) and Anopheles sinensis (19.47%) were not only the dominant species, but also the most widely distributed; the other 47 mosquitoes (11.36% in total) Less and distribution is relatively narrow. The statistical results showed that the species diversity index (2.2808) and evenness index (0.7000) of Yunxian were the highest, while the lowest proportion of the dominant species, Culex tritaeniorhynchus (29.47%) and mosquito density [287.10 On the contrary, the species diversity (0.4096) and evenness index (0.1229) of mosquitoes in Gengma County were the lowest, while that of Culex tritaeniorhynchus (91.53%) and mosquito density [1435.70 Only (/ light · night)〕 for the highest. The results showed that mosquito species diversity and evenness were negatively correlated with mosquito density and dominant species abundance, whereas mosquito species density was positively correlated with dominant species abundance. Conclusion Culex tritaeniorhynchus and Anopheles sinensis are the predominant mosquito species in the local area, they are not only abundant but widely distributed. The degree of Culex tritaeniorhynchus dominated the trend of mosquito density and species diversity in the area.