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云南野生稻生态类型丰富,且具有抗白叶枯病、抗稻瘟病、耐旱、耐寒等栽培稻不具有或已经消失的遗传基因,是水稻品种改良的优良基因库。然而,随着人类社会经济活动对生态环境影响的加剧,这一宝贵的战略性生物资源正面临着快速消失的危险。为了加强云南野生稻资源的保护,近年来,我们对云南野生稻资源开展了原生境保护(物理隔离方式和主流化方式)及非原生境保护(种质库、种质圃、细胞库和DNA库)等保护技术研究,明确了各种保护方法的优缺点和适用性,保护了云南野生稻的多样性和丰富度,为改良栽培稻储备了丰富的基因源。
Yunnan wild rice is rich in ecological type and possesses the genetic genes that are resistant to bacterial blight, blast resistance, drought tolerance, cold tolerance and other cultivated rice, which is an excellent gene pool for rice variety improvement. However, as the impact of human socio-economic activities on the ecological environment intensifies, this precious strategic biological resource is facing the danger of rapid disappearance. In order to strengthen the protection of wild rice resources in Yunnan, in recent years, we conducted in situ conservation (physical isolation and mainstreaming methods) and ex situ conservation (germplasm bank, germplasm bank, cell bank and DNA Library) and other protection technology research, clear the advantages and disadvantages of various conservation methods and applicability of Yunnan wild rice to protect the diversity and richness, for the improvement of cultivated rice reserves rich gene source.