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目的 :评估麻疹疫苗强化免疫的实施对控制麻疹发病的效果 ,为加速控制麻疹工作提供对策依据。方法 :对全省 8～ 30月龄儿童均实施麻疹疫苗强化接种 1剂 ,1年后 ,利用全省麻疹病例监测资料 ,进行年龄队列发病专率比较、病例免疫状况与发病关系描述分析。结果 :2 0 0 2年麻疹疫苗强化免接种率为 94 .30 % ,极大提高了免疫保护水平 ,有力消除了流动和漏种儿童的免疫空白。接受强化免疫的 8～ 30月龄队列儿童 ,2 0 0 3年其发病专率较上年该年龄队列下降 32 .92 %～33.30 % ,同时 ,未接受强化免疫的 3～ 7岁儿童 ,2 0 0 3年其发病专率较上年上升 2 5 .6 6 %～ 74 .77%。 2 0 0 3年全省麻疹发病率比上年上升 2 1.0 7% ,主要由 5～ 9岁儿童中免疫保护水平相对较差的部分儿童发病和爆发所引起。结论 :麻疹疫苗强化免疫对降低麻疹发病的效果显著而肯定 ,该省应创造条件实施麻疹疫苗强化免疫策略。
Objective: To evaluate the effect of measles vaccine in controlling the incidence of measles and provide countermeasures for accelerating the control of measles. Methods: One dose of measles vaccine was administered to children aged 8-30 months in the province. One year later, the surveillance data of measles cases in the whole province were used to compare the incidence rates of age cohorts and the relationship between immunization status and incidence of cases. Results: The vaccination coverage of measles vaccine in 2002 was 94.3%, which greatly improved the level of immune protection and effectively eliminated the immune blank of migrating and missing children. The cohorts of children aged 8 to 30 months who received intensive immunization showed a decrease of 32.92% to 33.30% in the incidence of infectious diseases in 2003 compared with that of the previous year. In addition, children aged 3 to 7 who did not receive intensive immunization, 2 The incidence of infectious diseases in 2003 increased by 2.56% -74.77% from the previous year. The incidence of measles in the whole province rose by 2 1.07% over the previous year in 2003, mainly due to the onset and the outbreak of some children with relatively poor immunoprotection among children aged 5 to 9 years. CONCLUSIONS: The measles vaccine boost is significant and measurable in reducing the incidence of measles and the province should create the conditions for a measles vaccine-boosted immunization strategy.