五十年代开始,国内外冶金工作者纷纷开展了钢液二次精炼处理技术的研究,陆续形成一批各具特色的炉外精炼方法和工艺装备,见表1。几种典型炉外精炼方法,在我国得到广泛应用,并取得显著的效果。例如改善了轴承钢氧化物点状质量、提高疲劳寿命一倍左右;解决了合金结构钢的低倍裂纹、塑性等问题;降低了不锈钢的冶炼成 Beginning in the 1950s, domestic and foreign metallurgical workers carried out researches on the secondary refining of molten steel, and successively formed a number of distinctive methods and equipment for the refining outside the furnace, as shown in Table 1. Several typical methods of refining outside the furnace, widely used in our country, and achieved significant results. For example, to improve the point quality of the bearing steel oxide and improve the fatigue life of about doubled; to solve the low alloy steel fracture, plastic and other issues; reduce the stainless steel smelting into