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20世纪90年代中期以来学术界展开了一场争论:一派认为,应该用公民社会概念来研究中国团体;另一派通过调查研究认为,中国几乎所有团体的生活在本质上是国家组合主义。公民社会和组合主义都关注国家和社会之间的社团和其他机构。但不同的是:公民社会站在社会的角度,发展自治社团,维护“公共领域”的能力,以界定和制约国家权力;组合主义则相反,从国家的角度,为实现政府自己的目的,与选定的社团发展一种特殊的关系。在深入细致的实证研究基础上,学者们考察了中国不同类型社团的活动,得出了不同的结论,同时他们也超越了国家、社会和组合主义以及公民社会的框架,阐明了别的一系列重要的问题。
There has been a debate among academics since the mid-1990s: One group believes that the concept of civil society should be used to study Chinese groups. The other group, through its investigations and studies, believes that the life of almost all groups in China is essentially state compoundism. Both civil society and combinatorialism focus on societies and other institutions between nations and societies. However, the difference is that civil society stands at the angle of society, develops autonomous communities and upholds the capacity of “public sphere” to define and constrain state power. On the contrary, combinatorialism, from the perspective of the state, aims at realizing the government’s own goal , Develop a special relationship with the selected community. On the basis of intensive and detailed empirical research, scholars have examined the activities of different types of associations in China and reached different conclusions. At the same time, they have also gone beyond the framework of the state, society and combinatorialism as well as civil society and set forth other series Important issues.