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MH370飞机失联事件促使国际民航组织(ICAO)关注民用飞机飞行过程中的全程监视问题。中国民航计划推广使用广播式自动相关监视(ADS-B),以实现对航空器的运行监视,同时利用ADS-B数据链传输天气、地形和空域限制等信息,提升飞行安全。从机载系统综合化设计角度出发,提出了几种实现航迹跟踪功能的机载系统方案。这些系统方案均采用了基于综合模块化航电(IMA)系统架构,充分考虑了ICAO的航迹跟踪要求和飞行安全需求,并采用了成熟的先进技术,主要包括基于ADS-B功能、基于甚高频(VHF)数据链、基于卫星通信(SATCOM)数据链和基于高频(HF)数据链的系统方案。最后,给出了机载系统架构、系统方案评估及未来发展方向。
The MH370 plane desensitization incident prompted ICAO to focus on the issue of full-scale surveillance of civilian aircraft during its flight. CAAC plans to promote the use of ADS-B to monitor the operation of aircraft and to improve flight safety by using the ADS-B data link to transmit information such as weather, topography and airspace restrictions. From the point of view of integrated design of airborne system, several airborne system solutions are proposed to realize the track-following function. These system solutions are based on an integrated Modular Avionics (IMA) system architecture that takes full account of ICAO’s trajectory tracking requirements and flight safety requirements and employs proven advanced technologies that are based on the ADS-B function, High Frequency (VHF) data links, SATCOM based data links, and HF based data link based solutions. Finally, the architecture of airborne system, the evaluation of system solutions and the future development direction are given.