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岩溶陷落体是一种分布于地下的隐蔽的不良地质体,山西省在建和拟建的高速公路项目很多段落穿越或身处吕梁太行山区腹地,而这两大山区内石灰岩地层广泛分布,古岩溶与古岩溶塌陷较为发育,目前多条高速在施工中已相继遇到数个规模不等的岩溶陷落体,直接影响和威胁到了高速公路工程的安全稳定、施工难度及造价。由于该类病害不像滑坡、崩塌等地表病害具有很强的直观性,勘察过程中往往因勘探手段应用不充分而遗漏,特别是当项目进入实施阶段之后,线路方案再次优化已无可能,因此,重视和加强设计阶段对本类地质病害的勘察,及早发现此类陷落体并圈定其分布范围,是当前高速公路勘察和地质选线的重要内容,同时对施工前防范预案的编制十分必要。
The karst collapse body is a kind of hidden bad geologic body distributed in the ground. Many sections of expressway projects under construction and proposed in Shanxi Province pass through or lie in the hinterland of Lvliang Taihang Mountains. The limestone formations in these two mountainous areas are widely distributed. Karst and paleokarst collapse are relatively developed. At present, a number of high-speed karst collapses with different scales have been encountered successively in construction, which directly affects and threatens the safety and stability of the expressway construction, construction difficulty and cost. Because such diseases are not as landslide landslide, collapse and other surface diseases have a strong intuitive survey is often due to inadequate use of exploration tools and omissions, especially when the project into the implementation phase, the line once again optimized the program has been impossible, therefore Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to and strengthen the investigation of geological disasters at the design stage. It is an important part of current highway survey and geological alignment to identify such traps and identify their distribution as early as possible. At the same time, it is necessary to prepare prevention plans before construction.