一、前言安全工作是民航永恒的主题,是民航的基本,民航的信誉,也是民航最大的效益。随着社会的进步、科技的发展,使飞机及相关的地空硬件设施的安全系数大幅提高,相比之下,在诸多影响安全的因素中,人为因素成为其中的薄弱环节。近年来对一些飞行事故和飞行冲突的调查分析表明,由于人为因素造成的原因已愈显突出,这已引起航空界的广泛重视,人们已开 I. Preface Safety is the eternal theme of civil aviation, the basic of civil aviation and the reputation of civil aviation. It is also the greatest benefit of civil aviation. With the progress of society and the development of science and technology, the safety factor of aircraft and related air and ground hardware facilities has greatly increased. In contrast, human factors have become the weakest link in many factors that affect safety. The investigation and analysis of some flight accidents and flight conflicts in recent years shows that the reasons due to human factors have become increasingly prominent. This has drawn widespread attention from the aviation community and people have already started