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目的评价灭蚊效果,监测和清除残存嗜人按蚊,巩固抗疟成果,防止疟疾重新暴发流行。方法对嗜人按蚊分布区实施以2g/m2DDT滞留喷洒和20mg/m2溴氰菊酯浸泡蚊帐灭蚊,开展复查评价防制效果。停止灭蚊后,继续开展媒介和疟疾的监测。以叮人率和人房捕获蚊数计算密度。结果闽北14个嗜人按蚊分布县(市、区)258个分布点已全部完成灭蚊后效果考核,平均每个分布点复查3.18次,浦城县部分点监测30年复查20余次。第一次复查发现,80.01%的分布点嗜人按蚊已被清除,残存嗜人按蚊从灭蚊前人房按蚊的34.1%降至4.02%。经继续实施灭蚊措施,1995年后未再捕及嗜人按蚊。1996停止灭蚊措施后,1996-2007年监测期间复查276村(次),捕获人房按蚊13408只,经鉴定全部为中华按蚊,证明福建省嗜人按蚊已被清除。嗜人按蚊媒介区灭蚊前1980年疟疾发病12921例,发病率44.90/万,发热病人血检疟原虫阳性率为23.00%。实施灭蚊措施后,疟疾流行得到有效控制,1992年发病率降至0.43/万,1990-2007年嗜人按蚊媒介区未再出现疟疾暴发流行,1998年以后未再发现当地感染病人。结论DDT滞留喷洒和溴氢菊酯浸泡蚊帐可有效防制嗜人按蚊,反复查灭清除嗜人按蚊是阻断疟疾流行,巩固抗疟成果,防止疟疾死灰复燃的根本措施。
Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of mosquito control, monitor and eliminate the remaining anopheles anthropophagus, consolidate the achievements of anti-malaria, and prevent the recurrence of malaria. Methods Anopheles anthropophagus was sprayed with 2 g / m2 DDT and 20 mg / m2 deltamethrin soaked mosquito nets for mosquito control. The control effect was evaluated by review. After stopping mosquito control, continue monitoring of the media and malaria. To bite rate and room to capture mosquito count density. Results 258 sites of 14 anopheles anthropophagus distributed in Fujian were completed. The average post-mosquito control was 3.18 times, and some of Pucheng County were monitored for more than 20 times in 30 years. The first review found that 80.01% of the Anopheles anthropophagus had been cleared and the remaining Anopheles anthropophagus dropped from 34.1% to 4.02% of the anopheline mosquito. After continuing the anti-mosquito measures, no further Anopheles anthropophagus arrest occurred after 1995. After stopping the anti-mosquito measures in 1996, 276 villages (times) were surveyed during the monitoring period from 1996 to 2007, and 13,408 Anopheles mosquitoes were captured, all of which were identified as Anopheles sinensis, proving that the Anopheles anthropophagus in Fujian Province has been cleared. Anopheles media area before mosquito control in 1980 12921 cases of malaria incidence, the incidence of 44.90 / million, fever, blood test positive for Plasmodium 23.00%. After the implementation of the anti-mosquito measures, the epidemic of malaria was effectively controlled. The incidence rate dropped to 0.43 per 10 000 in 1992 and no recurrence of malaria was found in the An. Anthropophagus area from 1990 to 2007. No local infection was found after 1998. Conclusion DDT retention spraying and thaumatanuril solution can effectively prevent Anopheles anthropophagus and repeatedly eliminate and eliminate Anopheles anthropophagus is the fundamental measure to stop the malaria epidemic, consolidate the achievement of anti-malaria and prevent the resurgence of malaria.