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研究了Si元素对Al-40Zn-xSi钎料的钎焊性能,显微组织的影响以及不同Al-40Zn-xSi钎料对铝合金钎焊接头的显微组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明:当Al-40Zn-xSi中Si元素含量为4%(质量分数)时,钎料具有最好的润湿性能。显微组织分析表明:当Si元素含量超过4%后,钎料中开始出现块状初生硅;铝合金钎焊接头水冷后,Al-Si共晶组织和Zn-Al共析组织共存于焊缝中α-Al的枝晶间区域。当钎料中Si元素含量为4%时,焊后水冷的铝合金钎焊接头的抗剪强度达到最大值142.28 MPa。但是,当钎料中Si元素含量为5%以上时,焊缝中会形成较多的脆性共晶组织和初生硅颗粒,影响接头力学性能。
The effect of Si on the brazing properties and microstructure of Al-40Zn-xSi solder and the effect of different Al-40Zn-xSi brazing filler metals on the microstructure and mechanical properties of aluminum alloy brazed joints were studied. The results show that when the Si content in Al-40Zn-xSi is 4% (mass fraction), the solder has the best wettability. Microstructure analysis shows that when Si content exceeds 4%, bulk primary silicon begins to appear in the brazing filler metal. After the aluminum alloy brazed joints are cooled by water, the eutectic Al-Si and Zn-Al eutectoid coexist in the weld In the dendritic region of α-Al. When the content of Si in the brazing filler metal is 4%, the shear strength of water-cooled aluminum alloy brazed joints reaches 142.28 MPa. However, when the content of Si in the brazing filler metal is more than 5%, more brittle eutectic and primary silicon particles will be formed in the weld, which will affect the mechanical properties of the joint.