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反启蒙是阿多诺否定美学的宗旨。首先,阿多诺是以否定异化为切入点。异化是阿多诺对于现代性社会本质的归纳。异化导致了人的类本质的变形。其次,阿多诺是以否定启蒙来对抗异化。人的主体力量的变态性扭曲之所以出现是因为人的主体力量的过度膨胀,而正是启蒙带来了人的主体力量的过度膨胀。最终,阿多诺是以否定性艺术来对抗启蒙,否定性艺术是对抗启蒙的具体途径和方法。否定性艺术作品的原则:必须能够提供否定性的表象;否定性表象必须提供否定性契机。否定性艺术的本质特性必然是双重的,一方面,它是自律性实体;另一方面,它又是社会事实单子。
Anti-enlightenment is Adorno denied the purpose of aesthetics. First of all, Adorno denied alienation as a starting point. Alienation is Adorno’s induction of the nature of modern society. Alienation leads to the deformation of human nature. Second, Adorno opposes alienation by denying enlightenment. The distortion of the subjective power of the human being arises because of the excessive expansion of the subjective power of the human being, and it is precisely the enlightenment that has brought about the excessive expansion of the subjective power of the man. Finally, Adorno opposes enlightenment with negative art, which is a concrete way and method to resist enlightenment. Negative works of art principles: must be able to provide negative images; negative images must provide a negative opportunity. The essential character of negative art is bound to be double, on the one hand, it is an autonomous entity; on the other hand, it is also a social fact list.