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近年来，塔里木盆地油气勘探取得很大突破。盆地发育有三套重要的烃源岩：寒武系烃源岩由于处于高—过成熟阶段，在晚近期以形成天然气为主；中—上奥陶统烃源岩由于其特殊的生烃母质类型而既能生油又能生气；侏罗系则由于其属于腐殖型烃源岩而以生成天然气为主。盆地在资源分布上具有富含气的特征。气源对比结果表明，塔里木盆地目前发现的天然气主要源自上述３套重要的烃源岩。盆地内广泛发育的５套区域盖层是形成大型、特大型天然气藏的必要条件。因此，从生成和保存两方面说明塔里木是一个富含天然气的盆地。“八五”期间，塔里木盆地探明天然气储量１０９２．３６×１０８ｍ３、凝析油３８４５．３×１０４ｔ（塔指探区）。这说明塔里木盆地除了富含原油外，同时也是一个富含天然气的叠合、复合盆地。
In recent years, a great breakthrough has been made in oil and gas exploration in the Tarim Basin. There are three sets of important source rocks in the basin. The Cambrian source rocks are mostly in the late stage of high-maturity stage and natural gas in the late stage. The Middle-Upper Ordovician source rocks, due to their special hydrocarbon-generating parental types While both generating oil and being angry; the Jurassic mainly generates natural gas due to its belonging to humic hydrocarbon source rocks. The basin is characterized by rich gas distribution. Comparison of gas sources shows that the gas currently found in the Tarim Basin is mainly derived from the above three sets of important source rocks. Five sets of regional caprocks, widely developed in the basin, are necessary for the formation of large and extra large natural gas reservoirs. Therefore, it shows that Tarim Basin is a gas-rich basin from the aspects of generation and preservation. During the “Eighth Five-Year Plan” period, Tarim Basin proved 1092.36 × 108m3 of natural gas reserves and 3845.3 × 104t of condensate oil (Tazi Exploration Area). This shows that in addition to the Tarim Basin is rich in crude oil, but also a natural gas-rich composite basin.