This paper tries to integrate game theory, a very usefultool to resolve conflict phenomena, with optimal capital costallocation issue in total emission control. First the necessity ofallocating optimal capital costs fairly and reasonably amongpolluters in total emission control is analyzed. Then thepossibility of applying game theory to the issue of the optimalcapital cost allocation is expounded. Next the cooperative N-person game model of the optimal capital cost allocation and itssolution ways including method based on Shapley value, least coremethod, weak least core methods, proportional least core method,CGA method, MCRS method and so on are delineated. Finally throughapplication of these methods it is concluded that to apply gamethory in the optimal capital cost allocation issue is helpful toimplement the total emission control planning schemes successfully,to control pollution effectively, and to ensure sustainable development.