目的 :研究抑癌基因p16 /MTS1基因失活与肺癌发生发展的关系。方法 :采用双重PCR和免疫组化技术分析 48例原发性非小细胞肺癌中p16基因存在状态。结果 :2 5例p16蛋白表达阴性 (5 2 1% ) ,其中 14例p16基因第二外显子缺失。有淋巴结转移者和无淋巴结转移者的P16蛋白表达阴性率有显著性差异。p16基因缺失率亦如此。肺鳞癌中p16蛋白表达阴性率显著高于腺癌。结论 :p16基因存在状态与非小细胞肺癌的病理组织学分型有关 ,p16基因失科学研究与肺癌淋巴结转移有关 Objective: To study the relationship between inactivation of tumor suppressor gene p16 / MTS1 gene and lung carcinogenesis. Methods: Duplex PCR and immunohistochemistry were used to analyze the presence of p16 gene in 48 patients with primary non-small cell lung cancer. Results: The expression of p16 protein in 25 cases was negative (52.1%), of which 14 cases had the deletion of the second exon of p16 gene. There was a significant difference in the negative rate of P16 protein expression between those with lymph node metastasis and without lymph node metastasis. The same is true for the loss of p16 gene. The negative rate of p16 protein expression in squamous cell carcinoma was significantly higher than that in adenocarcinoma. Conclusion: The existence of p16 gene is related to the histopathological classification of non-small cell lung cancer. The loss of p16 gene is related to lymph node metastasis of lung cancer