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少尿(每天尿量50～400毫升)的鉴别诊断应首先确定引起损害的解剖部位,据此,急性少尿可分成三类:肾脏灌注不足(肾前性或功能性氮质血症)、梗阻(肾后性氮质血症)和肾实质病变。在确认肾实质病变前,必须严格排除肾前性和肾后性疾患。因肾实质病变迄今尚无特效疗法,而另二种则常可治愈。
The differential diagnosis of oliguria (50 to 400 milliliters of urine per day) should be performed by first identifying the anatomic site causing the injury, whereby acute oliguria can be divided into three categories: inadequate renal perfusion (prerenal or functional azotemia) Obstruction (post-renal azotemia) and renal parenchymal disease. In confirmation of renal parenchymal lesions, must be strictly ruled out prerenal and post-renal disorders. Because of renal parenchymal disease so far no effective therapy, while the other two are often curable.