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目的研究高碘及高碘条件下不同硒摄入水平对实验性自身免疫性甲状腺炎(experimental autoimmunethyroiditis,EAT)大鼠肝、脑SOD、GPX活性的影响。方法选择易感Lewis大鼠建立EAT模型,将动物随机分为5组,即对照组(C组)、模型组(M组)、造模+高碘高硒组(M+I+Se+组)、造模+高碘适硒组(M+I+Se组)、造模+高碘低硒组(M+I+Se-组)。按照实验设计对各组动物喂以不同硒、碘水平饲料。16周后,对大鼠的甲状腺组织进行病理学检查,测定甲状腺自身抗体(TGAb、TMAb)及大鼠肝、脑组织SOD、GPX活性。结果光镜下观察,M组大鼠甲状腺组织出现散在淋巴细胞浸润;M+I+Se+组及M+I+Se组部分小叶受累,有淋巴细胞浸润;M+I+Se-组病变严重,几乎所有小叶受累。与C组相比,M组大鼠甲状腺自身抗体(TGAb、TMAb)水平明显升高,肝脏GPX活性显著降低。M+I+Se组与M组相比,脑组织GPX活性显著降低。与M+I+Se-组相比,M+I+Se+组肝、脑GPX活性显著升高,M+I+Se组肝脏GPX活性显著升高。肝、脑GPX及SOD活性均有随硒摄入量增加而增强的趋势。结论EAT时大鼠机体抗氧化能力下降,高碘及低硒均可加重EAT大鼠甲状腺、肝、脑组织的氧化损伤,补硒可以提高组织GPX活性。
Objective To investigate the effects of different levels of selenium intake on the activity of SOD and GPX in liver and brain of rats with experimental autoimmune thyroiditis (EAT) under high iodine and iodine conditions. Methods ETA models were established in susceptible Lewis rats. The animals were randomly divided into 5 groups: control group (C group), model group (M group), modeling + high iodine and selenium group (M + I + Se + group) (M + I + Se group) and modeling + high iodine and selenium group (M + I + Se- group). According to experimental design, different groups of animals were fed with different selenium and iodine levels. Twenty-six weeks later, the thyroid tissues of rats were examined by pathology, and the activities of thyroid autoantibodies (TGAb, TMAb) and SOD and GPX in rat liver and brain were determined. Results In the light microscope, scattered lymphocytes infiltrated in the thyroid tissue of M group. Some of the leaflets in M + I + Se + group and M + I + Se group were infiltrated with lymphocytes. The M + I + Se- Almost all leaflets involved. Compared with group C, thyroid autoantibodies (TGAb and TMAb) in M group were significantly increased, while hepatic GPX activity was significantly decreased. Compared with M group, M + I + Se group GPX activity decreased significantly. Compared with M + I + Se- group, GPX activity in liver and brain of M + I + Se + group increased significantly, and GPX activity in liver of M + I + Se group increased significantly. Liver and brain GPX and SOD activity increased with selenium intake increased. Conclusions The antioxidant capacity of EAT rats is decreased. High iodine and low selenium may increase the oxidative damage of thyroid, liver and brain in EAT rats. Selenium supplementation can increase the activity of GPX in tissues.