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福柯《疯癫与文明》一书从历史学的角度叙述了疯癫与理性的关系,阐述了一段欧洲的疯癫史。可以看到,整个疯癫史是在人与自然、人与人甚至人与自身的不断分裂的过程中不断进行的。在这段辗转的行程中,疯癫与理性、道德、历史、文化、宗教、体制等互相沟通和斗争。疯癫被掩盖的存在和意义在福柯极富逻辑、有条不紊的陈述中显现出来,摆脱了枷锁。本文以福柯的疯癫史为基础进行了中美当代疯癫主题小说比较研究。中美“疯癫”文学与福柯关于疯癫的哲学观点的相互印证,使这一命题无论在文学上还是哲学上都有了更加具有真理性的发展。
Foucault “madness and civilization,” a book from a historical perspective describes the relationship between madness and reason, elaborated a period of madness in Europe. It can be seen that the entire history of madness is continually being carried out in the process of continuous division between man and nature, man and man and even man and himself. During this journey, madness and rational, moral, historical, cultural, religious, institutional and other mutual communication and struggle. The existence and meaning of the insane masks are evident in Foucault’s highly logical and methodical statements and freed from shackles. This article, based on Foucault’s history of madness, makes a comparative study of the contemporary thematic madness in China and the United States. The mutual proof of the philosophical views of Madness and Foucault on the Sino-American “madness” literature makes this proposition more truthful in both literature and philosophy.