目的:初步探讨腹腔注射氢生理盐水对急性马尾综合征大鼠神经功能的影响及相关机制。方法:选取200～250g的SD大鼠168只,随机均分为3组:假手术组、对照组、实验组。假手术组仅行L5棘突和L5/6间隙黄韧带切除,对照组和实验组建立急性马尾综合征大鼠硅胶条压迫模型;实验组建模术后立刻行5ml/kg氢生理盐水腹腔注射,以后1次/8h腹腔注射,假手术组和对照组均行等量生理盐水腹腔注射。术后3h、6h、12h、24h、48h和72h分别于每组各取8只大鼠进行热板试验,评价行为学表现,而后麻醉下取T13~L1段脊髓、L4~L6段马尾神经及L5、L6双侧背根神经节(dorsal root ganglion,DRG)行丙二醛(MDA)含量检测,分析各时间点的变化。另于术后48h每组各取8只行多聚甲醛灌注后取T13~L1段脊髓、L4~L6段马尾神经及L5、L6双侧DRG,行HE染色观察组织形态,取马尾神经行神经纤维蛋白(NF)染色并计算阳性率,取脊髓及DRG行Caspases 3染色后计算阳性指数,行Tunel染色后计算凋亡指数。结果:由于麻醉苏醒时间不一致术后3h各组的缩足潜伏期数据不采用,6h~72h的缩足潜伏期实验组均低于对照组,对照组和实验组均高于假手术组(P<0.05)。术后对照组和实验组MDA水平在3h~48h均较同组前一时间点有明显增加(P<0.05),在48h和72h无明显增加(P>0.05),对照组在3h时增幅最大,实验组在24h增幅最大(P<0.05);术后3h~72h各时间点马尾、脊髓及背根神经节的MDA水平实验组均比对照组低,对照组和实验组均比假手术组低(P<0.01)。假手术组的NF染色阳性纤维率为100%,实验组为(59.08±6.25)%,对照组为(21.35±2.38)%,三组间两两比较有显著性差异(P<0.01)。对照组和实验组脊髓和DRG的Caspases 3阳性指数均明显大于假手术组(P<0.01);实验组的阳性指数均明显小于对照组(P<0.05)。对照组和实验组脊髓和DRG的Tunel凋亡指数均明显大于假手术组,实验组脊髓和DRG的凋亡指数均小于对照组(P<0.01)。结论:氢生理盐水可改善急性马尾综合征大鼠的行为学表现,减少神经纤维变性及神经元凋亡,其机制可能与氢对氧化应激反应具有抑制和延缓作用有关。 Objective: To investigate the effect and mechanism of intraperitoneal injection of hydrogen saline on the neurological function of acute cauda equina syndrome rats. Methods: A total of 168 SD rats (200 ~ 250g) were randomly divided into three groups: sham operation group, control group and experimental group. The rats in sham-operation group were only treated with L5 spinous process and L5 / 6 gap ligamentum flavum. Rats in control group and experimental group were injected with silicone rubber strips of acute cauda equina syndrome. The rats in experimental group were given intraperitoneal injection of 5ml / kg hydrogen saline , After 1 / 8h intraperitoneal injection, sham-operated group and control group were given the same amount of saline intraperitoneal injection. After 3h, 6h, 12h, 24h, 48h and 72h, 8 rats in each group were respectively subjected to hot plate test to evaluate their behavior. T13 ~ L1 spinal cord, L4 ~ L6 cauda equina L5, L6 dorsal root ganglion (DRG) were used to detect the content of malondialdehyde (MDA), and the changes of each time point were analyzed. The other 48 h in each group were taken from each group 8 after paraformaldehyde perfusion take T13 ~ L1 spinal cord, L4 ~ L6 section of cauda equina and L5, L6 bilateral DRG, HE staining was used to observe the morphology, take the cauda equina nerve Fibrin (NF) staining was used to calculate the positive rate. The positive index was calculated after stained with Caspases 3 in spinal cord and DRG. The apoptotic index was calculated by Tunel staining. Results: Because of the inconsistent recovery time of anesthesia in 3h postoperatively, the data of contraction latency of each group was not used. The experimental group of contraction latency of 6h ~ 72h was lower than the control group, while the control group and experimental group were higher than the sham operation group (P <0.05 ). The levels of MDA in the control group and the experimental group were significantly increased from 3h to 48h (P <0.05), but no significant increase at 48h and 72h (P> 0.05) (P <0.05). The levels of MDA in the cauda equina, spinal cord and dorsal root ganglion at 3h ~ 72h after operation were all lower than those in the control group, both in the control group and the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the sham operation group Low (P <0.01). The percentage of NF-positive fibers in the sham-operation group was 100%, in the experimental group was (59.08 ± 6.25)% and in the control group was (21.35 ± 2.38)%. There was significant difference between the three groups (P <0.01). Caspases 3 positive index of spinal cord and DRG were significantly higher in the control group and the experimental group than in the sham operation group (P <0.01). The positive index of the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P <0.05). The Tunel apoptotic indexes of spinal cord and DRG in control group and experimental group were significantly larger than those in sham operation group. The apoptotic indexes of spinal cord and DRG in experimental group were lower than those in control group (P <0.01). CONCLUSION: Hydrogen saline can improve the behavior of rats with acute cauda equina syndrome and reduce the neurofibrillary degeneration and neuronal apoptosis. The mechanism may be related to the inhibition and delaying effect of hydrogen on oxidative stress.