本文较为系统地阐述了吲哚在光电功能材料各个领域的发展概况,主要包括光致变色、电致发光和非线性光学材料。较为全面地总结了吲哚(苯并五元氮杂环)的结构特点和独特的富电子性对光致变色材料和电致发光材料的紫外可见吸收波长、荧光发射波长、发光强度、量子效率等的影响,以及对制约非线性光学材料发展的重要难题之一——非线性和透明性矛盾的克服。 This article systematically expounds the development of indole in various fields of optoelectronic functional materials, including photochromism, electroluminescence and nonlinear optical materials. The structural characteristics and unique electron-rich properties of indole (benzopynergic azacycle) are summarized in more comprehensive way. The UV-Vis absorption, fluorescence emission, luminescence and quantum efficiency of photochromic and electroluminescent materials are summarized. Etc., as well as overcome the contradiction between nonlinearity and transparency which is one of the important problems that restrict the development of nonlinear optical materials.