我国产能过剩的出现既有供给方面的原因也有需求方面的原因。需求方面导致产能过剩主要是由于有效需求不足,而收入差距过大是导致有效需求不足的直接原因。由于我国特殊的制度安排,本文主要从制度角度着手,分析了有效需求出现的条件及原因,并相应的给出了政策建议。 The emergence of China’s overcapacity both supply and demand reasons. The overcapacity caused by the demand side is mainly due to the insufficient effective demand, while the large income disparity is the direct reason leading to the insufficient effective demand. Due to the special institutional arrangements in our country, this paper mainly analyzes the conditions and reasons for the emergence of effective demand from the institutional perspective and gives the corresponding policy recommendations.