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无论是在英美法系国家,还是在大陆法系国家,都有关于证人宣誓制度方面的规定。我国学者对我国是否应该引入证人宣誓制度见仁见智,然而无论是否定论者还是肯定论者在论证的理路上都只停留在表层。从文化人类学的角度来看,证人宣誓是一种仪式。该文以文化人类学为视角,从证人宣誓仪式中的符号及其象征意义,证人宣誓仪式与宗教信仰的关系,证人宣誓仪式的“过渡”功能等方面解读证人宣誓,并在此基础上指出了一些国家证人宣誓立法中存在的问题。
Both in common law countries and in civil law countries, there are provisions on the system of witness’s oath. Chinese scholars have a different opinion on whether or not China should introduce the witness oath system. However, both the negative and the positive critics only stay on the surface of the argument. From a cultural anthropological point of view, witness swearing is a ritual. From the perspective of cultural anthropology, this article interprets the witness’s oath from the sign and its symbolism in the oath of witness, the relationship between the oath of witness and religious belief, the “transitional” function of the oath of witness, and on this basis, points out Some national witness swear the existing problems in legislation.