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全口义齿(假牙)是借助于基托和粘膜之间的吸附力固定的,稳固性常常得不到理想的保证。近年来,国外的口腔科工作者设计了种种型式的覆盖义齿,在固位功能方面不断取得了进展。 1978年初,我所开展了桩钉式覆盖义齿的修复工作。桩钉式覆盖义齿由阴模部分(包括金属根面板和金属鞘)、阳模部分(金属桩钉和连接体)组成(附图),阴模部分粘固于牙根内,阳模部分用自凝塑料固定于基托内。经10余例随访观察,情况良好。但在对象选择时,应选基牙(牙根)粗大者,松动度应小于Ⅰ度,根长大于1厘米,根尖病变牙以根管超充术能治愈或控制病变为度,牙选择以单尖牙为最理想。桩钉式覆盖义齿也是一种可摘义齿,晚上应取下清洗后置水杯内。该型义齿阴模、阳模部分皆为不锈钢预成品,根面板和连接体都能冷弯成所需形状,免除铸造焊接等复杂工艺,节约了时间降低了成本。固位品所占间隙为1～1.5毫米,对基牙处排牙的影响比其它型式覆盖义齿为小。本法尚有不足之处,如基牙侧有明显的骨突,致该部分基托过于丰满,影响外观美观;骨突影响义齿就位,靠需磨改该处基托边缘;颌间距离过短者,基牙处排牙有困难等,所有这些尚需进一步研究改进。
The complete denture (denture) is fixed by means of the adhesive force between the base and mucosa, and the stability is often not guaranteed. In recent years, foreign dentists have designed all kinds of overdenture, and made continuous progress in the retention function. In early 1978, I carried out the repair work of pegged overdenture. The peg-covered overdenture consists of the female part (including the metal root plate and the metal sheath), the male part (the metal post and the connecting body) (the figure), the female part is fixed in the tooth root and the male part is used The condensate is fixed in the base. After more than 10 cases of follow-up observation, in good condition. However, the choice of the object, the base should be selected talus (root) thick, loose degree should be less than Ⅰ degree, the root length greater than 1 cm, root tip deformity root canal superficial can cure or control the degree of disease, tooth selection Single canine is the best. Pile overdenture denture is also a removable denture, should be removed at night after cleaning the water cup. The denture die and the male part are all stainless steel prefabricated products. The root panel and the connecting body can be cold-formed into the desired shape, eliminating the complicated process of casting and welding, saving time and reducing the cost. Retainers account for the gap of 1 to 1.5 mm, the impact on the abutment at the teeth than other types of overdentures for small. This law is still inadequate, such as the abutment side of the obvious bone processes, resulting in the part of the base is too full, affecting the appearance of beauty; osteotomy impact denture in place, by the need to change the edge of the base edge; intermaxillary distance Too short of teeth, teeth at the abutment at the difficulties, all of which still need further study and improvement.