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目的调查先天性心脏病(CHD)介入治疗患儿父母焦虑及需求现状及影响因素。方法选择83例CHD介入治疗患儿的父母为研究对象,采用问卷调查方法分析影响CHD患儿父母焦虑及需求的因素,并探索两者之间的相关性。结果与国内常模相比,CHD患儿父母的焦虑总分明显升高(P<0.05);单因素方差分析显示影响患儿父母焦虑情绪的因素是:患儿年龄、与患儿关系、家庭地域、经济状况及患儿病情;CHD患儿父母需求排名前三的分别是患儿治疗及预后、病情保证及帮助患儿;CHD患儿父母的焦虑与需求之间呈正相关(r=0.232,P<0.05),焦虑状态与患儿治疗及预后、病情保证、帮助患儿及情感支持之间呈线性关系(r=0.201、0.194、0.213、0.183,均P<0.05)。结论 CHD患儿行介入治疗时其父母普遍存在焦虑状况,在护理患儿的同时注意缓解患儿父母的焦虑情绪并满足其各方面需求,对于临床上CHD患儿的治疗和预后具有重要作用。
Objective To investigate the anxiety and demand of parents in children with congenital heart disease (CHD) intervention and its influential factors. Methods A total of 83 parents with CHD interventional therapy were selected as study subjects. Questionnaires were used to analyze the factors influencing parents’ anxiety and their needs, and the correlation between them was explored. Results Compared with the norm in China, the total anxiety score of parents with CHD was significantly higher (P <0.05). The one-way analysis of variance showed that the factors affecting the anxiety of parents were: age of children, relationship with children, family Geographical location, economic status and children’s condition. The top three parents’ needs in children with CHD were the treatment and prognosis of children, the assurance of their condition and the help of children. There was a positive correlation between anxiety and needs of parents with CHD (r = 0.232, P <0.05). There was a linear relationship between anxiety status and children’s treatment and prognosis, disease assurance and help children and emotional support (r = 0.201,0.194,0.213,0.183, all P <0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of anxiety in children with CHD is higher than that of parents with CHD. It is important for parents to treat children with CHD and relieve their anxiety and satisfy their needs.