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矿产开发对生态环境的破坏及其带来的环境安全隐患是一个亟待解决的问题,比如泥石流、水污染、大气污染、耕地破坏等等,这些问题如果解决不好,将影响到人们的生产生活和社会稳定。如何解决这个问题,云南省和湖南省冷水江市锡矿山两个地方的表现大不一样,前者在完善法律制度和监管上下功夫,通过生态开采将对生态环境的破坏降到最小程度;后者的环境污染状况却到了非常严峻的程度。尽管存在着主客观方面的原因,但是最根本的还是锡矿山的矿产资源开采历经上百年时间,到目前依然没有一个科学、合理的开采规划,依然是非法经营的私营小矿山和小冶炼厂林立。如果有关部门不从根本上进行整顿,不对这些惟利是图的小企业进行取缔,锡矿山的污染治理只能是一句空话。云南省在打造绿色矿业的过程中,倡导生态开采、和谐发展,以打造绿色矿业为目标,不但有利于矿产开发和监管,而且有利于企业投入财力开展生态环境治理。而为了实现可持续发展,企业也愿意去投入。这恐怕是今后锡矿山生态环境治理过程中最应该借鉴的经验。位于横断山系多金属成矿带南部的云南省普洱市矿产资源丰富,尤其是金矿、铜矿等金属矿产开采更成了当地经济发展的支柱产业。当2008年10月记者来到这里采访时,普洱市山水铜业公司安全环保部副经理谷长宏正在细心地检查大平掌矿区的尾矿坝。他告诉记者,这里的尾矿库修筑完毕以后,将进行覆土植草,“我们的矿业管理一直坚持绿色、环保和可持续发展的理念,这是实现安全生产的一种保障。”
The destruction of the ecological environment caused by mineral development and its hidden environmental risks are urgent problems to be solved, such as debris flow, water pollution, air pollution and cultivated land destruction. If these problems are not solved well, they will affect people’s production and life And social stability. How to solve this problem, Yunnan Province and Hunan Province, Lengshuijiang tin mine two places quite different performance, the former efforts to improve the legal system and supervision, through ecological exploitation will minimize damage to the ecological environment; the latter The environmental pollution situation has reached a very serious degree. Although there are subjective and objective reasons, the most fundamental reason is that after more than a hundred years of exploitation of mineral resources in the tin mines, there is still no scientific and rational mining plan so far and there are still numerous illegal mines and small smelters operating illegally . If the relevant departments do not fundamentally carry out rectification and do not ban these mercenary small enterprises, the pollution control in the tin mines can only be an empty talk. In the process of building green mining industry, Yunnan Province advocates eco-mining and harmonious development, aiming at building green mining industry, not only conducive to the development and supervision of mineral resources, but also help enterprises invest financial resources to carry out ecological environment governance. In order to achieve sustainable development, enterprises are willing to invest. This is probably the most important experience to learn from in the process of ecological management of tin mines in the future. Pu’er City, located in the south of the Hengduan Mountains polymetallic metallogenic belt, is rich in mineral resources. In particular, the mining of gold, copper and other metal minerals has become the pillar industry in the local economy. When a reporter came to interview here in October 2008, Gu Changhong, deputy manager of the Department of Safety and Environmental Protection of Shanshui Copper Company in Pu’er City, is carefully examining the tailings dam in the Dapingzuo Mining Area. He told reporters that after the completion of the tailings dam here, the soil will be planted and mowed. “Our mining management has always adhered to the concept of green, environmental protection and sustainable development, which is a guarantee of safe production.” "