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马克思恩格斯的现代性思想是他们运用历史唯物主义和辩证法,以资本主义社会为依据,对以理性为核心的现代性进行反思、评判及重构而形成的思想理论。马克思恩格斯的现代性思想体系的形成,具有充分的主客观条件。欧洲丰富的现代性思想遗产和先发的现代化运动为其形成提供了思想源泉和现实土壤;欧洲无产阶级革命运动的兴起,成为马克思恩格斯批判和超越资本主义现代性的推动力;马克思恩格斯世界观的根本转变,即由唯心主义转变为历史唯物主义,从革命的民主主义转向共产主义,是他们深刻认识、批判和超越资本主义现代性的根本条件;而他们身上所具有的优秀思想品格、高尚的道德情操、为人类自由和解放而奋斗的人生观和价值观是促使其世界观发生转变并走向共产主义的内在动力;敏锐的社会洞察力也是他们创立现代性思想体系不可或缺的主观条件之一。深入研究这些条件,对于我们准确把握这个思想体系的内容十分必要。
Marx and Engels’thoughts of modernity are the ideological theories that they formed by using historical materialism and dialectics, basing themselves on capitalist society, and rethinking, judging and reconstructing the modernity with reason as the core. The formation of modern thought system of Marx and Engels has sufficient subjective and objective conditions. The wealthy legacy of modern European ideas and the pioneering modernization movement have provided the source of thought and reality for its formation. The rise of the proletarian revolutionary movement in Europe has become the driving force for Marx and Engels in criticizing and surpassing the modernity of capitalism. The Marxist and Engels world outlook The fundamental transformation from idealism to historical materialism and from revolutionary democracy to communism is the fundamental condition for them to profoundly understand, criticize and surpass the capitalist modernity. The outstanding ideological and moral qualities they possess Moral sentiment, outlook on life and values that are striving for human freedom and liberation are the internal motivations for the transformation of their world outlook toward communism. Sensitive social insight is also one of the indispensable subjective conditions for their establishment of a modern ideological system. Studying these conditions in depth is very necessary for us to accurately grasp the content of this ideological system.