以“156”项为代表的苏联技术援华,推动了现代技术向中国大规模的、系统的、水平较高的转移,奠定了中国现代技术和工业化的基础,使中国初步构建了比较完整的现代技术和工业体系,带动了科学研究的发展,形成了“以任务带学科”的发展模式,对20世纪中国旧经济社会的发展产生了深远的影响。 The technical assistance from the Soviet Union, represented by the “156” item, has promoted the large-scale, systematic and high-level transfer of modern technology to China, laid the foundation for China’s modern technology and industrialization and enabled China to initially establish a comparative The complete modern technology and industrial system have brought about the development of scientific research and have formed the development model of “taking subject as subject”, which has had a profound impact on the development of China’s old economy and society in the 20th century.