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钱穆先生认为,从中西文学的文体与题材来讲,中国文学文体以诗为主干,西方文学则以史诗和戏剧为大宗。吉川幸次郎也有过相当的表述:“中国没有产生莎士比亚,但要看到,西洋也没有产生司马迁与杜甫。”1认识中国古代文学可以从诗歌入手。然而由于历史的遮断和时代的变革,我们今天在欣赏这些古诗词过程中,已经很难说没有隔阂。如何避免这种隔阂,我们必须从孕育这个文化现象的传统中寻找方法,从贴近古人的语境中,熟悉这些以文字组合为代表的语言符号。经过此种情境还原,我们才可能如博尔赫斯所说:“读到荷马史诗精彩文句的一瞬,古人就在此刻,并没有死亡
According to Mr. Qian Mu, from the style and theme of Chinese and Western literature, Chinese literary style takes the poem as the mainstay while the western literature takes the epic and the drama as the bulk. Yoshikawa Yukijiro also had quite a statement: ”China did not produce Shakespeare, but to see that the West did not produce Sima Qian and Du Fu. “ 1 understanding of ancient Chinese literature can start from the poetry. However, due to the interruption of history and the change of the times, it is hard to say that there is no gap in the appreciation of these ancient poems today. How to avoid this gap, we must find a way from the tradition that gave birth to this cultural phenomenon, familiar with these linguistic symbols typified by word combinations in the context of the ancients. After this situation is restored, we may be as Borges said: ”read the words of Homeric wonderful moment, the ancients at this moment, did not die