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Objective: To investigate the proliferative effect of keratinocyte growth factor (KGF-2) on human adult keratinocytes. Methods: The standard medium was keratinocyte growth medium without bovine pituitary extract (BPE), hydrocortisone or epidermal growth factor (EGF). Keratinocytes from a 48-year-old subject were cultured and seeded on dishes with standard medium of EGF in cell density of 2×104/32 mm2. After 24 hours, the medium was replaced by the standard medium with 0, 4, 16, 125 and 500 ng/ml KGF-2, respectively. The standard medium with EGF was used as the positive control and the standard medium without EGF or KGF-2 was used as the negative controls. The growth of keratinocytes was monitored by 3-(4,5-dimethythiazol-2-yl)-2,5 dipheyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and by photographs on days 3, 5 and 7, respectively.Results: KGF-2 in concentrations of 4-500 ng/ml showed a significant proliferative effect on days 5 and 7 as compared with that of the negative controls (P