1858年,英、法、俄、美等国强迫清政府签订了《天津条约》,接着,便依据条约的规定先后向中国派出换约和常驻使节。这些使节来到中国,即向清政府提出觐见清帝呈递国书的要求。围绕觐见清帝问题,外国使节与清政府断断续续进行了长达近半个世纪的交涉,多次引起统治阶级内部和中外的激烈争论。回顾这一交涉,探讨清政府力拒和“准 In 1858, the United Kingdom, France, Russia, the United States and other countries forced the Qing government signed the “Tianjin Treaty”, then, according to the provisions of the treaty will have to send China to change appointments and permanent envoys. These envoys came to China, asking the Qing government to meet with the Qing imperial government to submit its credentials. Around the audience to see the Qing emperor, the diplomatic envoys and the Qing government intermittently conducted negotiations for nearly half a century, many times led to fierce controversy within the ruling class and at home and abroad. Review this negotiation to discuss the Qing government’s refusal and “prospective.”