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当前隧道式锚碇的安全监测多借用桥隧安全监测的经验,没有体现出隧道式锚碇的承载机制和破坏特征,针对性不强。本文在分析隧道式锚碇系统不同部分和附属结构功能特征的基础上,总结了不同施工环节的特点及其潜在的安全问题,并提出了针对性的监控措施;根据现场缩尺试验、室内模型试验和数值仿真试验,发现当前悬索桥隧道式锚碇设计借用桩和锚索的接触面摩擦效应估算极限承载力的方法偏差较大,没有体现隧道锚的结构效应,没有反映锚岩系统联合承载的夹持效应和初期锚岩界面摩擦受力到中后期锚岩联合系统抗剪切受力模式的转变。针对隧道式锚碇系统不同部位的受力和变形破坏模式,在分析不同部位不同监测手段和安全监控效果的基础上,提出了隧道式锚碇的分类监测标准,明确了监测目标和采用合理高效的监测手段,可以保证隧道式锚碇系统的中长期安全。同时建议将长期监测项目纳入桥梁健康诊断和后期养护工作,该项工作可弥补当前桥梁健康诊断重桥不重地基的不足。
The current tunnel anchorage safety monitoring and more use of bridge tunnel safety monitoring experience, did not reflect the tunnel anchorage bearing mechanism and damage characteristics, not targeted. Based on the analysis of the functional characteristics of the different parts of the tunnel-type anchorage system and its ancillary structures, this paper summarizes the characteristics of the different construction stages and their potential safety issues and puts forward the pertinent monitoring measures. According to the field scale test, the indoor model Experiments and numerical simulations show that the method of estimating the ultimate bearing capacity by the contact surface friction effect between the pile and the anchor cable by the design of the tunnel-type anchorage in the current suspension bridge has large deviations and does not reflect the structural effect of the tunnel anchor and does not reflect the joint bearing of the anchor and rock system And the change of the shear stress mode between the anchor-rock joint system during the mid-late period of the clamping effect and the friction force of the initial anchor-rock interface. Aiming at the stress and deformation failure modes of different parts of tunnel-type anchorage system, based on the analysis of different monitoring methods and safety monitoring results in different parts, the classification monitoring standard of tunnel-type anchorage is proposed and the objectives of monitoring and the reasonable and efficient monitoring The monitoring method can guarantee the long-term safety of the tunnel anchor system. At the same time, it is suggested that the long-term monitoring project should be included in the bridge health diagnosis and post-conservation. This work can make up for the deficiency of the current bridge health diagnosis heavy bridge not heavy foundation.