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肾癌亦称肾细胞癌(RCC),是成人最常见的肾脏恶性肿瘤,约占成人癌症的2%～3%,为肾原发性恶性肿瘤的85%左右,50～70岁多发,男∶女为2∶1。在RCC确诊时约有10%左右已发生邻近器官转移,约25%左右已分别有远处转移及局部淋巴结浸润。由于人类寿命延长和医学影像学的进步,RCC的发病串有所增加,无症状而仅在体检时偶然发现的RCC日见增多。迄今放疗、化疗、免疫和基因治疗等对RCC都不理想及确切,目前认为根治性手术是早期RCC唯一可治愈疗法,对于孤立肾和双侧肾RCC患者常被推荐行保留肾组织的手术。以下就肾癌外科治疗的现状及前景作综述。
Renal cancer, also known as renal cell carcinoma (RCC), is the most common renal malignancy in adults, accounting for about 2% to 3% of adult cancers, accounting for about 85% of primary renal cancers and 50 to 70 years of age. Female: 2: 1. Approximately 10% of RCCs have been diagnosed with adjacent organ metastases, about 25% have been distant metastasis and local lymph node infiltration. Due to prolonged human life expectancy and advances in medical imaging, the incidence of RCC has increased, asymptomatic and only occasionally found in the physical examination of RCC increased day by day. So far, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, immunization and gene therapy are not ideal and exact for RCC. Radical surgery is currently considered the only cure for early RCC. Renal tissue preservation surgery is often recommended in isolated renal and bilateral RCC patients. The following overview of the status and prospects of surgical treatment of renal cell carcinoma.