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目的探索瑞粒长度变化与妇科肿瘤中细胞繁殖状态的关系及其临床意义。方法常规酚-氯仿法提取组织DNA后，与端粒寡聚核苷酸探针进行Southernblot杂交、γ-32p检测及光密度扫描法测定端粒平均长度。结果宫颈上皮内瘤样病变（cervicalintraepithelialneoplasia，CIN）、宫颈癌、卵巢良性、交界性及恶性肿瘤中瑞粒限制性片段长度（telomericrestrictionfragmentlength，TRFL）平均值分别为（7．040．55）kb、（6.830．24）kb、（8.150．19）kb、（5．510．24）kb、（3.320.34）kb，其邻近正常组织中TRFL平均值分别为（11．200．29）kb、（11．170．35）kb、（8．850.37）kb、（8．040．20）kb、（8．970.28）kb；恶性肿瘤组的TRFL明显短于其邻近正常组织（P＜0．05）：宫颈癌的TRFL虽短于CIN组，但差异无显著性；卵巢癌TRFL明显短于良性卵巢组（P＜0．05）。结论宫颈癌及卵巢癌端粒明显缩短，表明瑞粒的缩短，与细胞的无限繁殖及恶性肿瘤的发生、发展密切相关，端粒长度变化可作为癌症早期诊断的敏感指标。
Objective To explore the relationship between the changes of the length of the grains and the status of cell proliferation in gynecological tumors and its clinical significance. Methods Tissue DNA was extracted by conventional phenol - chloroform method. Southern blotting was carried out with telomere oligonucleotide probe. The average telomere length was determined by γ-32p detection and optical density scanning. Results The average telomeric restriction fragment length (TRFL) in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), cervical cancer, benign ovarian, borderline and malignant tumors were (7.040.55) kb, ( (11.200.29) kb, (11.81) kb, (5.510.24) kb and (3.320.34) kb in adjacent normal tissues (P <0.05). The TRFL in malignant tumors was significantly shorter than that in adjacent normal tissues (P <0.05) The TRFL in cervical cancer was shorter than that in CIN group, but the difference was not significant. TRFL in ovarian cancer was significantly shorter than that in benign ovarian group (P <0.05). Conclusion The telomere of cervical cancer and ovarian cancer was significantly shortened, indicating that the shortening of the grain of RER was closely related to the infancy of cells and the occurrence and development of malignant tumors. The change of telomere length could be used as a sensitive indicator of early diagnosis of cancer.