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地区差距是在经济增长过程中形成、在空间中体现的重要经济问题,其在空间的直观表现是要素与经济的非协同集聚。本文在该非协同集聚视角下分析了地区差距形成的一般过程、构造了测度指标并描述了1952年以来的时序演进情况;在此基础上,从地区经济发展的要素投入入手,提出了三个可能导致地区差距变化的因素,选取1978—2011年我国大陆地区31个省(市、区)的数据建立了动态面板模型,运用系统广义矩估计法(SYS-GMM)检验了相关因素对我国地区差距的影响。实证检验表明:劳动力流动壁垒、资本边际产出差异和技术吸收能力对要素与经济的非协同集聚起到推动作用,而非农劳动生产率在阻止其扩大方面起了一定作用。最后,在总结主要结论的基础上,给出了简单政策启示。
Regional disparity is an important economic issue that is formed during the process of economic growth and embodied in space. Its visual representation in space is a non-synergy of factors and economy. This paper analyzes the general process of the formation of regional disparities from the perspective of non-coordinated agglomeration, constructs the measure index and describes the sequential evolution since 1952. On the basis of this, starting with the input of the regional economic development, this paper proposes three Which may lead to the change of regional disparity. The dynamic panel model is selected from the data of 31 provinces (cities and districts) in China’s mainland from 1978 to 2011. The system is applied to the generalized moment estimation (SYS-GMM) The impact of the gap. Empirical tests show that labor mobility barriers, discrepancies in capital marginal output and technological absorptive capacity play a catalytic role in the non-synergy of factors and economic agglomeration, while non-agricultural labor productivity has played a role in preventing its expansion. Finally, on the basis of summarizing the main conclusions, this paper gives a simple policy enlightenment.