第二次世界大战以来,为防御战时空袭,解决城市地面紧张和交通拥挤的状况,世界各国都十分重视地下工程建筑的发展。地铁作为城市交通的骨干已成为城市先进与发达的重要指标,使用起来十分方便。不过,由于地铁载客量大以及空间的封闭性,一旦发生事故,如何确保乘客的安全就成了头等大事。 Since the Second World War, all countries in the world have paid great attention to the development of underground engineering structures in order to prevent air strikes in wartime and to solve the problems of urban ground tension and traffic congestion. As the backbone of urban transport, the subway has become an important indicator of urban advanced and developed, which is very convenient to use. However, due to the large number of passengers carried in the subway and the closeness of the space, in the event of an accident, how to ensure the safety of passengers has become a top priority.